题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Diane Arbus was born in 1923 to a wealthy family in New York City. After finishing high school at the age of 18, Diane married Allan Arbus. Mr. Arbus worked in the advertising department of her father’s store.
It was Mr. Arbus who gave Diane her first camera. Diane soon decided to take a class with the famous photographer Berenice Abbott. The Arbuses eventually started taking photographs of clothing. These images were used as advertisements for Diane’s father’s store. After the birth of their daughter, Doon, the Arbuses started a business together. Their purpose was to photograph clothing fashions. Diane Arbus was the stylist. She would prepare the hair and faces of the fashion models who wore the clothing being photographed. Allan Arbus took the pictures.
The couple soon had jobs from important fashion magazines such as “Vogue” and “Harper’s Bazaar”. Their work was very successful during the 1950s. They became part of a group of artists that were helping to redefine visual culture. They were breaking with past traditions to create a new look for a new decade, the sixties.
But Diane was not satisfied with her secondary role. She wanted a more active part in making photographs. She wanted to explore her own artistic expression and freedom. To do this, she stopped working with her husband. Then she started taking photography classes at the New School in New York City.
Arbus’ teacher, Lisette Model, influenced her in many ways. She showed Diane how to use a camera like an expert. She also taught Diane to use her art to face her doubts and fears. Miss Model once said that Diane soon started “not listening to me but suddenly listening to herself.”
小题1:Diane Arbus got her first camera ______.
| A．from her father | B．from her husband |
| C．in a shop | D．in the advertising department |
| A．To film clothing fashions. | B．To make their daughter happy. |
| C．To prove themselves. | D．To make friends with more people. |
| A．were in charge of “Vogue” | B．earned more than other artists |
| C．were recognized as great artists | D．were proud of their achievements |
| A．Diane was hard to dealt with |
| B．Diane care more for freedom |
| C．Diane was tired of working with husband |
| D．Diane learned more from Lisette Model |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
小题1:细节理解题。根据句子It was Mr. Arbus who gave Diane her first camera可知。
小题2:细节理解题。第三段提到：Their purpose was to photograph clothing fashions，由此可知。
小题3:推理判断题。第四段提到“他们的作品在20世纪50年代很成功，是一群艺术家之一”，由此可知。
小题4:推理判断题。老师教给她如何像专家一样使用相机、如何面对疑惑和恐惧，由此可知。
核心考点
试题【Diane Arbus is known for creating intense black and white photographs of very un】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
In the clinic,I asked if Michael could be retested,so the specialist tested him again.To my
36 ,it was the same score.
Later that evening,I 37 told Frank what I had learned that day.After talking it over,we agreed that we knew our 38 much better than an IQ(智商) test.We 39 that Michael’s score must have been a 40 and we should treat him 41 as usual.
We moved to Indiana in 1962,and Michael studied at Concordia High School in the same year.He got 42 grades in the school,especially 43 biology and chemistry,which was a great comfort.
Michael 44 Indiana University in 1965 as a pre-medical student.Soon afterwards,his teacher permitted him to take more courses than 45 .In 1968,he was accepted by the School of Medicine,Yale University.
On graduation day in 1972,Frank and I 46 the ceremony(典礼) at Yale.After the ceremony,we told Michael about the 47 IQ score he got when he was six.Since that day,Michael sometimes would look at us and say 48 .“My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor,not until after I graduated from medical school!”It is his special way of thanking us for the 49 we had in him.
Interestingly,Michael then 50 another IQ test.We went to the same clinic where he had 51 the test eighteen years before.This time Michael scored 126,an increase of 36 points.A result like that was supposed to be 52 .
Children often do as 53 as what adults,particularly parents and teachers, 54 of them.That is,tell a child he is “ 55 ,”and he may play the role of a foolish child.
36.A.joy B.surprise C.dislike D.disappointment
37.A.tearfully B.fearfully C.cheerfully D.hopefully
38.A.student B.son C.friend D.doctor
39.A.argued B.realized C.decided D.understood
40.A.joke B.mistake C.warning D.wonder
41.A.specially B.strictly C.naturally D.carefully
42.A.poor B.good C.average D.standard
43.A.in B.about C.of D.for
44.A.visited B.chose C.passed D.entered
45.A.allowed B.described C.required D.offered
46.A.missed B.held C.delayed D.attended
47.A.high B.same C.low D.different
48.A.curiously B.eagerly C.calmly D.jokingly
49.A.faith B.interest C.pride D.delight
50.A.looked for B.asked for C.waited for D.prepared for
51.A.received B.accepted C.organized D.discussed
52.A.imperfect B.impossible C.uncertain D.unsatisfactory
53.A.honestly B.much C.well D.bravely
54.A.hear B.learn C.expect D.speak
55.A.wise B.rude C.shy D.stupid
But researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated(孤寂),less skillful at person-to-person relationships,and perhaps numb(麻木) to the cheatings that are so much a part of the e-mail world.“And a teen’s sense of self and values may be changed in a world where personal connections can be limitless,”said Sherry Turkle.
Another researcher,Robert Kraut,said he’s worried about the “opportunity costs”(机会成本) of so much online time for youths.He found that teens who used computers,even just a few hours a week,showed increased signs of loneliness and social isolation.“Chatting online may be better than watching television,but it’s worse than hanging out(闲逛) with real friends,”he said.
Today’s teens,however,don’t see anything strange in the fact that the computer takes up a central place in their social lives.“School is busy and full of pressure.There’s almost no time to just hang out,”said Parker Rice,17.“Talking online is just catch-up time.”
Teens say they feel good about what they say online or taking the time to think about a reply.Some teens admit that asking someone for a date,or breaking up,can be easier in message form,though they don’t want to do so.But they insist there’s no harm.
小题1:The researchers argue that______.
| A．teens may develop a different sense of values |
| B．nothing is wrong with teens’ chatting online |
| C．teens can manage their social connections |
| D．spending hours online does much good to teens |
| A．use computers properly |
| B．improve their school work |
| C．develop an interest in social skills |
| D．reduce their mental pressures |
| A．teens’ pleasant online experience |
| B．teens’ computer skills and school work |
| C．the effects of the computer world on teens |
| D．different opinions on teens’ chatting online |
| A．describe computer research results |
| B．draw attention to teens’ computer habits |
| C．suggest ways to deal with problem teens |
| D．discuss problems teens have at school |
Shopkeepers in Modbury population 1500,agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday.They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead.
Last month,San Franciso became the first U.S. city to ban plastic grocery bags.Internationally,laws to discourage the use of plastic bags have been passed in parts of South Africa and Ireland,where governments either tax shoppers who use them or fine companies that hand them out.Bangladesh already bans them,and so do at least 30 remote Alaskan villages.
Modbury,about 225 miles southwest of London,has also declared a bag amnesty(宽限期),allowing local people to hand in plastic bags that have piled up at home.They will be sent for traveling.
The Modbury ban was the idea of Rebecca Hosking,who saw the effect of bags on marine life while working in the Pacific as a wildlife camerawoman.She said response(反应) in the town so far had been “really positive”.
“Modbury is quite an old-fashioned town and a lot of people have wicker baskets to go out shopping anyway,”Hosking told Sky News Television.
The Worldwatch Institute,an environmental research agency,states that 100 billion plastic bags are thrown away each year in the United States alone.More than 500 billion are used yearly around the world.
小题1:What was Rebecca Hosking?
| A．A lawyer. | B．An environmentalist. |
| C．A sailor. | D．A photographer. |
| A．acceptable | B．valuable |
| C．throw-away | D．long-lasting |
| A．most of the people in Modbury continue to use plastic bags |
| B．fewer and fewer plastic bags will be used in the world |
| C．San Francisco is the first city to ban plastic bags in the world |
| D．most countries in the world have passed laws to ban plastic bags |
| A．Environmental Protection |
| B．Big Cities Banning Plastic Bags |
| C．Effect of Plastic Bags on Sea Animals |
| D．British Town Banning Plastic Bags |
Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs,catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video cameras.To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years.The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Ban University.The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli.They were tested one at a time.
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side.When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right,but with somewhat less enthusiasm.The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag,although with less intensity again.The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog,similar to a German shepherd,changed the direction of tail wagging to the left.Reseachers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back.When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left,suggesting they preferred company.While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video,it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood(心情) of dogs.Computer and video systems,for example,could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.
小题1:The video cameras were used to catch the dogs’ responses because _______.
| A．it was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging |
| B．the dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time |
| C．they enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit |
| D．the dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods |
| A．surprise | B．worry |
| C．excitement | D．interest |
| A．wag to the left | B．wag to the right |
| C．not wag at all | D．wag to the left and then to the right |
| A．the dogs | B．the trainers |
| C．the systems | D．the researchers |
| A．to train dogs for their owners |
| B．to help people judge the mood of dogs |
| C．to help dogs find company |
| D．to help people choose their pet dogs |
By 1991 their love had deepened,and they were happy.Later that year,Bill developed a white spot on his tongue.He visited a doctor.
One day shortly after that,Bill called Karen to sit beside him.He said with tears in his eyes that he loved her and wanted to live forever with her.The doctor suspected that he had been infected with HIV,the virus that leads to AIDS.
The family was tested,Bill and Karen’s results were positive.Bill had become infected before he met Karen;then he passed the virus on to Karen.The children’s results were negative.Within three years,Bill was dead.“I don’t know how to express what it is like to watch the once handsome man you love and intend to live with forever dying slowly.I cried many nights.He died three months short of ten years of our marriage,”says Karen.Though a doctor told Karen that she would soon follow her husband into death,she is still alive.The infection has progressed to the early stages of AIDS.
Karen is but one of about 30 million people now living with HIV/AIDS,a figure larger than the combined populations of Australia,Ireland and Paraguay.According to one UN report,Africa has 21 million of these victims.By the turn of the century that number could reach 40 million and the disease will bring on the greatest disaster in human history.Of the world’s sexually active adults aged 15 to 49,1 in 100 has already been infected with HIV.Of these,only 1 in 10 realizes that he or she is infected.In some parts of Africa,25 percent of the adults are infected.
Since the beginning of the spread of AIDS in 1981,about 11.7 million people have died of it.It is roughly calculated that in 1997 alone,about 2.3 million people died of it.Nevertheless,there are fresh reasons for optimism in the battle against AIDS.During the past few years,there has been a drop in new AIDS cases in wealthy nations.In addition,promising drugs hold out hope of better health and longer life.
小题1:By telling the story of Karen,the author intends to______.
| A．warn people against high risk behaviors |
| B．stress the importance of medical tests |
| C．express sympathy for AIDS victims |
| D．show the consequences of AIDS |
| A．were lucky in having |
| B．were asked to adopt |
| C．regretted having |
| D．gave birth to |
| A．he got married to Karen |
| B．the family members were tested |
| C．Karen persuaded him to see the doctor |
| D．he found something wrong with his tongue |
| A．promising drugs will soon stop AIDS |
| B．the spread of AIDS could be controlled |
| C．it is hopeless to win the battle against AIDS |
| D．the death rate of AIDS patients has been reduced |
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