题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Scientists have noted that apes make characteristic sounds during play or while being tickled, especially to signal that they’re interested in playing. It’s been suggested before that human laughter grew out of primate（灵长类动物） roots. But ape laughter doesn’t sound like human laughter. It may be slower noisy breathing. So what does that have to do with the human ha-ha? To investigate that, Marina Davila Ross and her colleagues carried out a detailed analysis of the sounds made by tickling three human babies and 21 other primates, apes included.
After measuring 11 features in the sound from each species, they tried to find out how these sounds appeared to be related to each other. The result looked like a family tree. Significantly, that tree matched the way the species themselves are related, the scientists reported online in the journal Current Biology. They also concluded that while human laughter sounds much different from ape laughter, their typical features could have come from the same ancestor.
Panksepp, who studies laughter-like responses in animals but didn’t participate in the new work, called the paper exciting. Panksepp’s own work concludes that even rats produce laughter in response to playing and tickling, with sounds that can hardly be heard by people. Robert Provine, a scientist, who wrote the book, Laughter: A Scientific Investigation, said the new paper showed some important clues, like ape sounds that hadn’t been realized before.
69. Why did the scientists analyze the laughter made by tickling human babies and apes?
A. To try to discover if they can make characteristic sounds.
B. To see if they interested in playing.
C. To find out if the laughter of apes and humans is related.
D. To find out the differences between humans and apes.
70. Based on Paragraph 3 we can know that researchers measured the features in the sound to ________.
A. find out ape sounds that hadn’t been realized before
B. find out relations among primates’ laughter
C. see what a family tree from each species looks like
D. make a report online in the journal Current Biology
71. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Panksepp spoke highly of the new research.
B. Rat laughter is likely to be related to ape laughter.
C. Robert Provine provided some new clues for the researchers.
D. Humans don’t enjoy listening to ape laughter.
72. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Ape study explores evolution of laughter.
B. Apes like to laugh when being tickled.
C. Human laughter and ape laughter are different.
D. Laughter: A Scientific Investigation.
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:A
解析
核心考点
试题【 When scientists set out to explore the roots of human laughter, some apes（类人猿）】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
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IN PERSON-Call at the Adult Education Office (ground floor, Block C) between approximately 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. (2:30 p.m. on Fridays), or at the College Reception Desk (at the main entrance) at the other times (in the evenings until about 7:30 p.m. on Fridays).
Students should note that popular classes may be full well before the course is to start, so that early application is strongly advised to avoid disappointment.
For the AUTUMN TERM, applications will be accepted by post (preferably) or in person from 1st August.
For the SPRING TERM, applications will be accepted from 1st December.
For the SUMMER TERM, applications will be accepted from 1st April.
68．Students who apply to the college by post will ________ .
A．avoid disappointment
B．be sent a bill
C．have an advantage over people applying in person
D．be informed if they haven"t got a place
69．Students applying by post must ________ .
A．hand in a stamped addressed envelope in person
B．pay at the first class
C．bring the receipt to the first class
D．send payment with their application
70．Where can students apply in person?
A．At the College Reception Desk at 3:30 p.m.
B．At the Adult Education Office after about 3:30 p.m.
C．At the Adult Education Office at 9:30 a.m.
D．At the College Reception Desk at 2:20 p.m. on Fridays.
71．If students want to apply for the AUTUMN TERM, ________ .
A．they should check whether the course is full
B．they can apply by post or in person
C．applications must be received by August 1st
D．they must apply in person before August 1
The Peppered Moth, a kind of insect, is found in England. It is light brown in color and likes to settle on trees which are also light brown. This makes the moth difficult to be seen and birds are less likely to notice and eat it.
But with the development of industry, smoke from factories began to reach the trees where the moth settled. It made the trees blacker. Then something very strange took place: in industrial areas, the Peppered Moth began to change color. It became darker as well. Although the change took several years, some scientists soon noticed that newly-born moths were a little darker than usual.
A scientist called Kettle Well decided to make a careful study of this. He marked some of the light moths and some of the darker ones, and set them free in the woods near Birmingham, an industrial city. Later he retarget as many the marked moths as possible ( The result was given in the chart ).
Kettle Well’s research was done in the early 1950s. Soon afterwards Britain introduced new laws to reduce smoke and factory pollution.
Can you imagine what would happen to the Peppered Moth as the air became cleaner again?
| | light moths | darker moths |
| Moths set free | 201 | 601 |
| Moths recaught | 34 ( 16%) | 206 ( 34%) |
A. the Peppered Moth changed its color
B. the Peppered Moth couldn’t be easily found on them
C. industry in England developed quickly
D. the smoke from factories polluted them
2. The Peppered Moth began to change its color in industrial areas because _____________________________.
A. it changed its color all the time
B. it was fond of the color of its living place
C. it had to protect itself by doing so
D. it was a special sort of insect
3. From the results of Kettle Well’s research, we can see that _________________.
A. many more of the light moths were killed or eaten
B. more than one-fifth of the light moths escaped being killed
C. three times as many dark moths were kept safe as light ones
D. more dark moths were killed in industrial areas
4. Kettle Well’s work gives us a good example of _________________________.
A. Air Pollution B. Choice of Color C. Laws of Nature D. Changing Insects
5. As the air became cleaner, _________________________.
A. the number of the light moths increased
B. the total number of the light moths remained unchanged
C. more of the darker moths would be recaught
D. the darker moths changed into the light ones before long
A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us — the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.
Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.
Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.
“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.
Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules (分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans.
“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said. These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen—a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.
These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.
Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “It’s hard to say what exactly might be done, however—there’s a lot we don’t know yet,” Johnson explained.
The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.
49. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.
B. People have to surf the Internet to read detailed findings.
C. It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.
D. It has long been expected oxygen sensors exist in mice’s skin.
50. One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is _______.
A. carrying oxygen around the body B. improving athletes’ performance
C. detecting oxygen D. increasing level of oxygen
51. What is Johnson’s attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes’ training?
A. Negative B. Doubting C. Positive D. Hesitating
52. The best title of the passage may be _______.
A. Great Findings Benefits Athletes A Lot
B. Frogs And Mice Are Distant Relatives
C. First Known Animal Breathes Through Skin
D. Humans Might Sense Oxygen Through Skin
After graduation from high school, a student can start his higher education in two –year college, a four-year college, a university or a specialized professional school----either public or private. Most colleges admit students on the basis of their high-school records. The cost of a college education is expensive in private universities, but it is much less in those supported by states and cities. Many students receive scholarships from the schools, the government, or private foundations and organizations. More than 50 percent of the college students work to help pay their college expenses.
Only 2 percent of the population of the country cannot read and write.
56、Where does the money for public schools come from ?
A. From the Federal government. B. From the state legislatures.
C. From taxes. D. From the parents of the school children.
57、What is the educational system in the United States based on ?
A. The Federal government B. Individual school
C. Individual state D. Local communities
58、What percentage of the population is illiterate (文盲？
A. 50 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6
59、How are college expenses of most students paid ?
A. They won earnings from part-time work .
B. Scholarship from the schools, the government or private foundations.
C. Taxes .
D. Both A and B.
But no bicycles lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks they are a good idea-----they say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don"t like the idea------they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business.
The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park----the largest place of open ground in New York----is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.
73. The bike riders suggest that _____________.
A. bicycles should be used instead of cars B. bicycle lanes should be drawn
C. fewer buses or cars should be used D. the number of special lanes should be increased
74. The advantage(好处) of the special lanes is that _______.
A. they will make cars and buses run slowly B. they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks
C .they will make the city more beautiful D. the lanes will prevent accidents
75. The government has not decided whether special lanes should be drawn ______.
A. so that everyone is disappointed B. because there are different opinions
C. because most people travel by train D. because Bike for a Better City is not strong enough
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