题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
A. focus B. examining C. expressive D. communication E. significantly AB. neglect AC. distinguishing AD. reliably AE. recognition BC. considerate |
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners 43 their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and 44 the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human 45 of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to 46 convey emotion in a cross-cultural situation.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the 47 of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western people and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of 48 faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral (中立的). They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made 49 more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, 50 how cultural factors have differed in these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
答案
小题1:AC
小题1:A
小题1:AB
小题1:D
小题1:AD
小题1:AE
小题1:C
小题1:E
小题1:B
解析
核心考点
举一反三
figure / fīgə / noun, verb ●noun 1 [C, often pl.] a number representing a particular amount, especially one given in official information: the trade /sales figures 2 [C] a symbol rather than a word representing one of the numbers between 0 and 9: a six-figure salary 3 [pl.] (informal) the area of mathematics that deals with adding, multiplying, etc. numbers 4 [C] a person of the type mentioned: Gandhi was both a political and a religious figure in Indian history. 5 [C] the shape of a person seen from a distance or not clearly 6 [C] a person or an animal as shown in art or a story: a wall with five carved figures in it 7 [C] the human shape, considered from the point of view of being attractively thin: doing exercise to improve one’s figure 8 [C] a pattern or series of movements performed on ice: figure-skating [IDM] be/become a figure of fun: be/become sb. that others laugh at cut a…figure: (of a person) to have a particular appearance He cut a striking figure in his dinner jacket. put a figure on sth.: to say the exact price or number of sth. | a fine figure of man / woman: a tall, strong-looking and well-shaped person figure of speech: a word or phrase used in a different way from its usual meanings in order to create a particular mental image or effect figurehead: someone who is the head or chief in name only (with no real power or authority) ●verb 1 to think or decide that sth. will happen or is true: I figured that if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning. 2 to be part of a process, situation, etc. especially an important part: My opinion of the matter didn’t seem to figure at all. 3 to calculate an amount or the cost of sth.: We figured that attendance at 150,000. [PHRV] 1 figure in: to include (in a sum): Have you figured in the cost of hotel? 2 figure on: to plan on; to expect sth. to happen: I haven’t figured on his getting home too late. 3 figure out: to work out; understand by thinking: Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? [IDM] It/That figures! (informal): That seems reasonable, logical and what I expect. |
—She was coming late again for the work.
—________! That’s typical of her. You just can’t do anything to stop her doing that.
A.It figures her out | B.It figures |
C.It cuts a poor figure | D.She is a figure of fun |
The phrase “watch my figure” in the sentence “Don’t tempt me with chocolate; I am watching my figure.” means “________”.
A.add the numbers | B.have sports |
C.try not to get fat | D.watch games |
Which underlined word in the following sentences is used as figure of speech?
A.John is fond of animals and raises a rabbit as a pet. |
B.In some countries, bamboo can be used to build houses. |
C.We all regard Mr. Smith as an important figure in our company. |
D.I didn’t really mean my partner was a snake. |
A study of duetting in Peruvian warbling antbirds(蚁鸟) suggests that it might be a little of both, and that context is everything. Joseph A. Tobias and Nathalie Seddon of the University of Oxford show in Current Biology that sexual conflict can cause the female of a pair that normally cooperates to “jam” the male’s song by singing over it.
The researchers exposed antbird pairs to recorded songs of other antbirds and monitored the songs the pairs produced. In one experiment, they played the songs of an intruding pair. In this case, the resident pair “both are likely to lose their territory, so both should cooperate,” Dr. Tobias said. And they do. They produce a coordinated duet that in effect tells the intruders to keep away.
But when the researchers played the song of a single female, the pair behaved differently. “You’d expect the resident female to be highly motivated to defend her position in the partnership,” Dr. Tobias said. And that’s what occurs. The male sings its heart out, flirting(调情) with the single female, and the female of the pair does its best to interfere with the song by singing over it, apparently to make her mate less attractive to the other female.
“It’s clear that the male doesn’t like what she’s doing,” Dr. Tobias said. The behavior “breaks up what is otherwise a very cooperative situation into a more complicated signal,” he added.
It’s the first evidence of this kind of signal jamming among pairs, Dr. Tobias said.
And in that it leads the male to alter its song to avoid the female’s interfering notes, it shows that this kind of conflict could, over a long period, drive the evolution of coordinated song.
小题1:
What is the key factor of antbirds’ duet?
A.Their cooperation. | B.Their conflict. |
C.The context. | D.Their instinct. |
How did the researchers conduct the experiment?
A.They put the antbird pairs back to nature and observe them. |
B.They played different recorded songs of other antbirds. |
C.They put an antbird to the other’s territory and observed. |
D.They played the songs of an intruding pair. |
Why did the female bird sing according to Paragraph 4?
A.It wanted to show its singing talent to the partner. |
B.It aimed at keeping the partnership with the male. |
C.It wanted to frighten the other females. |
D.It wanted to make her mate more attractive. |
Which of the following is the topic of this passage?
A.The special phenomenon about birds pairs. |
B.The conflict of bird pairs. |
C.The cooperation of bird pairs. |
D.The piece of music for bird pairs. |
In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.Then you can say,”I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and tory ,and know that they are cheering on.
小题1:Imitation proves useful when you .
A.know you are unique |
B.lose the bslance of life |
C.begin to learn something new |
D.get tired of routine practice |
A.forget daily fear and pain |
B.choose the right example |
C.ask others for decisions |
D.stay away from stars |
A.desperate to intruence others with their knowledge |
B.ready to turn their original ideas into reality |
C.eager to discover what their ancestors did |
D.willing to accept others’ideas |
A.the lack of strong motivation |
B.the absence of practical ideas |
C.how to search for more materials |
D.how to use imagination creatively |
A.To highlight the importance of creatively. |
B.To criticize the characters of role models. |
C.To compare imitation with creation. |
D.To explain the meaning of success. |
A. introduction B. company C. accidentally D. against AB. sped AC. apparent AD. between BC. institutional BD. context CD. influenced |
The first thing that you will realize about speed dating is that it makes you __69__. Unlike a bar, where you might get a whole evening to __70__ check a potential partner out and to see what they’ve got, when it comes to __71__, you know that you only have a certain amount of time to put your best foot forward there. You’ll find the other participants are __72__ of this and will put their best foot forward.
An 8-minute speed dating will also give you a chance to see how someone __73__ under pressure. You may already know a little more about their __74__ if you find someone who can’t seem to make eye-contact. The best advice is to make eye contact, be open and direct. You’ll find that the __75__ time can make for some excellent opportunities to really shine, and there’s nothing like a deadline to make you more __76__! An important detail to keep in mind is that you will be __77__ to a dozen or more singles in a short time. Those who feel that there is an advantage in larger numbers will surely find this __78__.
When you are looking for __79__, you may not want to do the long search, so think about speed dating and see what you can do to make sure that it works for you. __80__, give this exciting opportunity a try!
小题1:
A. lovers B. couples C youths D. singles
小题2:
A.learn | B.have | C.explore | D.develop |
A.equally | B.hardly | C.definitely | D.eventually |
A.chase | B.hurry | C.focus | D.cheer |
A.constantly | B.frequently | C.occasionally | D.unexpectedly |
A.making friends | B.speed dating | C.family planning | D.home improving |
A.sick | B.fond | C.aware | D.confident |
A.acts | B.talks | C.lives | D.loves |
A.interest | B.background | C.intention | D.personality |
A.spare | B.limited | C.appointed | D.luxurious |
A.creative | B.passive | C.negative | D.objective |
A.introduced | B.devoted | C.mentioned | D.used |
A.demanding | B.surprising | C.convincing | D.appealing |
A.fun | B.love | C.friendship | D.adventure |
A.In a word | B.As a result | C.On the whole | D.Believe it or not |
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