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题目
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Pollution is reducing the fragrance(芬芳) of plants and thus preventing bees from pollinating(授粉) them—endangering one of the most essential cycles of nature, a new study suggests.
The potentially hugely significant research, funded by US National Science Foundation, has found that gases mainly formed from the emissions(排放) of cars prevent flowers from attracting bees and other insects to pollinate them. And the scientists who have conducted the study fear that insects’ abilities to drive away enemies and attract mates may also be disturbed.
Professor Jose Fuentes, who led the study, said, “Scent molecules(香味分子) produced by flowers in a less polluted environment could travel for roughly 1,000 to 1,200 meters. But today they may travel only 200 to 300 meters. This makes it increasingly difficult for bees and other insects to locate the flowers.”
The researchers, who worked on the molecules of snapdragons(金鱼草),found that the molecules are volatile(易挥发的) and quickly bond with pollutants, mainly formed from vehicle(车辆)emissions. This chemically changes the molecules so that they no longer smell like flowers. A harmful cycle is therefore set up where insects struggle to get enough food and the plants do not get pollinated enough to multiply.
Already bees, which pollinate most of the world’s crops, are in such a great decline that has never been known before in Britain and across much of the globe. At least a quarter of America’s 2.5 million honey bee colonies have been mysteriously wiped out by colony collapse disorder(CCD),where hives are found suddenly deserted.
The crisis(危机) has now spread to Europe. Politicians insist that CCD has not yet been found in Britain, but considering the present number of bees, the agriculture minister Lord Rooker has sent the warning, “The honey bee population could be wiped out in 10 years.”
Although the researchers are not certain whether this is the real cause of CCD, they say that pollution is making life more difficult for bees and other insects in many ways.
小题1: In what way does pollution prevent flowers from attracting bees?
A.By shortening the distance traveled by the scent molecules of flowers.
B.By disturbing the bees’ ability to attract mates.
C.By weakening the bees’ ability to fight against enemies.
D.By stopping flowers from giving off fragrance.
小题2: From the passage we can know that      .
A.Europe is affected greatly by CCD
B.CCD has destroyed most of the honey bee colonies in Europe
C.no honey bees will be found all over the world in the near future
D.European officials have paid much attention to CCD
小题3: What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Traffic Pollution Puts Bees in Danger
B.Traffic Pollution is to Blame for CCD
C.Pollution Makes Flowers Lose Their Scent
D.Pollution Causes the Decrease in Flowers

答案

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
解析

试题分析:
小题1:推断题。根据文章第三段可知:在一个相对干净的环境下,香味分子的传播距离通常是1000到2000米左右,而在一个被污染的环境下,传播的距离通常是200-300米,由此可知,环境污染主要是通过缩短香味分子的传播距离的方式来组织花儿吸引蜜蜂授粉。故A正确
小题2:推断题。根据文章的描述,CCD引起了欧洲官员的注意,他们也正在全力调查CCD是否是导致蜜蜂等昆虫类动物生活困难的真正元凶。故D正确
小题3:主旨题。根据文章第一段首句可知,全文主要讲述了环境污染和香味分子之间的联系,也就是说,环境污染让许多花儿逐渐丢失了本身分泌的香味分子,导致了蜜蜂授粉的困难,从而危及蜜蜂等昆虫类动物的生活。故C正确
点评:文章主要讲述了环境污染和香味分子之间的关系。该篇文章集中考察了推断题和主旨题,要求考生在理解全文的大意,进一步捕捉细节,再依据细节做出推断题,做此类题,考生应培养自己的推理判断能力,同时注意提高阅读速度。
核心考点
试题【     Pollution is reducing the fragrance(芬芳) of plants and thus preventing bees 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三

New research shows sheep are clever
People often make jokes about how dull sheep are, but new research shows they may be cleverer than we think. Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that Welsh mountain sheep have brainpower that equals rodents (啮齿动物). Tests found that the sheep can map the area they live in, and some may even be able to plan ahead.
Young fish prefer noisy neighbors
A new study has shown that young fish like to live on reefs with noisy neighbors! Researchers from the universities of Auckland and Bristol found that young fish looking for a home choose areas where other noisy fish live. The scientists produced all kinds of sounds which had been recorded in different natural environments. The young fish seemed to prefer the sounds of natural reefs, complete with noisy animals! The scientists compared the choice to a music fan wandering around at a music festival, choosing to set up a tent closest to the music they like best!
Butterflies are disappearing
A new study has shown that 17 species (物种) of butterfly found in Europe have dropped by 70% in the last 20 years. The information collected from 3,000 sites across 15 countries shows it may be caused by the loss (减少) of grasslands covered with flowers. You can encourage butterflies to come into your garden by planting flowers.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A.Some new studies about animals.
B.People’s wrong ideas about animals.
C.Why the number of animals has dropped.
D.The importance of protecting animals.
小题2: According to the first paragraph, we may infer that sheep _____.
A.are less clever than rodentsB.can find their home
C.can read mapsD.are good planners
小题3: Which seems to have to do with the number of butterflies?
A.The species of grass in grasslands.
B.The species of trees in grasslands.
C.The number of flowers in grasslands.
D.The number of animals in grasslands.
小题4:In which part of a newspaper can we most probably read the passage?
A.Geography.B.Culture.C.Travel.D.Nature.

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D
Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.
The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn’t mean that you must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life.  Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.
Here’s some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions(中断); have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.
小题1:The main purpose of the article is______
A.to prove that learning is not difficult
B.to make the readers be interested in study
C.to tell the importance of self teaching
D.to tell the students how to study well
小题2: We learn things because______
A.our parents want us to learn
B.every student learns at school
C.we may use these things in the future
D.we like the subjects
小题3:Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the article?
A.To put a pen, paper and books beside you before study.
B.To study at any possible time and place.
C.To review and preview.
D.To pay attention to the most important things.

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Now let’s look ourselves as a species in relation to ecosystem balance.Modern scientists believe that humankind, like other animals, evolved(进化) through millions of years of changes and adaptations to the environment and that our most direct evolutionary ancestor was probably an earlier species of the primate(monkey, ape) group. Despite this similarity with other creatures, however, the evolution of humankind differs from that of other species in one important and unique way.
In other species, evolution has led to specialization, both in the species abilities and in its place within the environmental structure. For example, the giraffe is much adapted to feeding on treetops, but it is also specialized and thus limited to feeding on trees and shrubs. Only with great difficulty can it bend down to graze on the ground. Similarly, the anteater is extremely well adapted to eating ants but is unable to catch or eat other animals. The same is true for countless other species.
For humankind it is opposite. Our evolution had led to a very generalized ability. Our highly developed intelligence and ability to make and handle tools mean that we can do almost anything. Humans evolved in such a way that we are able to move into every environment on Earth and even into space. No natural competitor offers great resistance, and other natural enemies such as disease have been controlled.
Said another way, we see in humankind a great imbalance between biological potential and environmental resistance. The result is the rapidly increasing world population, frequently referred to as the population explosion. Further, to support our growing population, natural ecosystems are being increasingly displaced by human habitations, agriculture, and other human supporting activities.
小题1:From the passage we can infer that in the course of evolution _______.
A.humankind is very important to earlier species, such as the primate group
B.human beings are limited by the environment while animals are not
C.human beings become more and more different from each other
D.humankind has experienced a generalization rather than specialization in ability
小题2:According to the passage, primate includes such animals as _______.
A.monkeys and anteatersB.tigers and apes
C.apes and monkeysD.monkeys and giraffes
小题3:According to the passage, evolution has made it possible for humans to _______.
A.increase the population
B.resist natural offers
C.go to the moon
D.cure all diseases
小题4:According to the author, imbalance between biological potential and environ mental resistance has resulted in _______.
A.the population explosion
B.the destruction of human habitations
C.the growth of natural ecosystem
D.the specialization of humans

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The heaviest snow in a hundred years hit the south of China. It snowed __36___for half a month. Many people were __37___in railway stations, bus stations and airports. People did everything they could to fight the __38___; nobody was killed from cold and _39____. Gradually ,the trapped people all went back home_40___. While fighting the snow, people ___41__their animal friends until a moving story of a swallow(燕子) couple appeared on the Internet.
The couple hadn’t eaten anything for several days __42___the snow. They tried to fly into people’s home to warm themselves, but every house was ___43___tightly(紧紧地). They got to a side of a balcony ( 阳台 ) where wind couldn’t reach. They jumped and flapped (拍打) their wings(翅膀) to _44___the attention of the people inside the house, who were __45____their own things. The wife’s body was __46___. She couldn’t move any longer. The husband came near and __47__her with his wings. The husband lost his heat soon because of his opened wings.
The next morning, the housemaster went to the balcony to __48__ his flowers and saw a dead swallow outside. __49__ it, he found they were two embracing(拥抱) together. Thinking of the __50___the snow had brought to people, he was moved to tears . He took them in for giving them some _51___they couldn’t feel any longer. He found a small box, __52__it with some hay (干草)and lay the couple in . He _53__them in the garden of the community(社区).
In my hometown in the countryside, a swallow family live in the roof of my house . They __54__every spring to have babies. Then in autumn, when babies have __55___, they fly to the south, I wonder if they will come back this spring as they did.
小题1:
A.beautifullyB.directlyC.gentlyD.continuously
小题2:
A.forbiddenB.rescuedC.trappedD.covered
小题3:
A.disasterB.warC.campaignD.disease
小题4:
A.angerB.heatC.hungerD.poverty
小题5:
A.sadlyB.safelyC.nervouslyD.curiously
小题6:
A.treasuredB.invitedC.acceptedD.forgot
小题7:
A.because ofB.in case ofC.in spite ofD.instead of
小题8:
A.controlledB.fixedC., stretchedD.closed
小题9:
A.admitB.attractC.turnD.escape
小题10:
A.busy withB.born withC.good forD.famous for
小题11:
A.burntB.watchedC.frozenD.found
小题12:
A.suppliedB.wrappedC.foldedD.sorted
小题13:
A.buyB.sendC.sellD.check
小题14:
A.FeedingB.LeavingC.TouchingD.Greeting
小题15:
A.hardshipB.childhoodC.cooperationD.lesson
小题16:
A.clothesB.warmnessC.flowersD.tension
小题17:
A.madeB.playedC.associatedD.filled
小题18:
A.buriedB.showedC.fastenedD.enjoyed
小题19:
A.put awayB.come backC.fly awayD.hold back
小题20:
A.dropped outB.died outC.grown upD.stood up

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Bamboo(竹) is one of the nature’s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe(欧洲). There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains.
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters(厘米)wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.
Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables(绳索) hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.
In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills(钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields be watered.
小题1:How is bamboo like grass?
A.It is thin and easy to cut.
B.It grows everywhere.
C.It grows quickly after it’s cut short.
D.It is short and green.
小题2:The underlined sentence “while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across.” means “Some other bamboo plants may grow to be very _______.”
A.short B.strong C.thickD.tall
小题3:From the text we know ______.
A.All people call bamboo plant trees
B.a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three days
C.the bamboo plant changes its colors when it grows
D.a bridge held by bamboo cable was built thousands of years ago
小题4:Why did the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to make use of bamboo?
A.Because it is cheap. B.Because it is colorful.
C.Because it drills fast.D.Because it is used by Asians.
小题5:Which of the following is NOT true?
A.There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.
B.Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.
C.Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects(工程).
D.Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world.

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