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In a little-known part of the counter-terrorism(反恐怖主义) world, one of the most effective detection systems is a 600-pound animal that works for about 20 pounds of fish a day.
Since the 1960s, the United States and a handful of other countries have trained dolphins and sea lions to detect sea mines and swimmers, to recover inert torpedoes(鱼雷)and to test objects used in Naval exercises.
Program officials estimate that the sea lions in the Marine Mammal Program have recovered millions of dollars of U.S. Naval torpedoes and instrumentation dropped on the sea floor.
The U.S. Navy kept its Marine Mammal Program a secret until the 1990s, and this spring CNN became one of only a handful of media outlets to see firsthand how the program works.
The program has trained about 75 Pacific bottlenose dolphins, with natural biosonar (生物声纳) that tracks better than any manmade device; and 35 California sea lions, with superb underwater eyesight.
Not only do these trained marine mammals track and retrieve millions of dollars in U. S. military equipment, they are also helping to save lives.
The Navy won"t disclose whether the dolphins and sea lions have effectively intercepted (阻拦)terrorists attempting to do harm to any U.S. facilities.
"Either way, it serves as a deterrent(阻碍) effect." says Christian Harris, operations supervisor for the program. The mammals can be deployed(调动) via C-130 cargo aircraft to perform their missions anywhere in the world within 72 hours. They have been used in exercises from Alaska to Hawaii, operating in great temperature and environmental ranges. They also have the capability to operate off vessels.
Dolphins most recently were deployed in the Iraq war, performing mine detection and clearance operations in the Persian Gulf to ensure safe passage for humanitarian ships delivering aid. Some of these Iraq war "veterans" are now back home, tasked with a new mission: guarding nuclear submarines in their homeports of Bremerton, Washington, and Groton, Connecticut.
小题1:The underlined word "retrieve" in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by ________.
A.find outB.recoverC.saveD.detect
小题2:Which is NOT the purpose of the Marine Mammal Program?
A.To detect sea mines and swimmers.
B.To save lives of people.
C.To recover inert torpedoes.
D.To help the U.S. Naval test equipment.
小题3:What can be inferred according to the text?
A.These trained marine mammals eat pounds of fish a day.
B.The U.S. Navy performed the Marine Mammal Program for about 30 years secretly.
C.These mammals can carry out a task everywhere.
D.A lot of countries will train dolphins and sea lions for anti-terrorism.
小题4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Special Skills of Marine MammalsB.The U.S. Anti-terrorism Program
C.Exceptional Anti-terrorism MemberD.Trained Marine Mammals

答案

小题1:B
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析

试题分析:可爱乖巧的海豚和海狮充当高效反恐先锋(pioneer),成为美国反恐大军中的佼佼者。它们不仅可为美国海军减少巨额损失,同时还能帮助救赎生命。
小题1:通过上下文可知“retrieve”有“get sth back”之意。在第三段“...have recovered millions of dollars of U.S. Naval torpedoes...”中“recover”刚好符合此意。选B。
小题2:见第二段。“to save lives of people”是执行该计划产生的结果,而非目的。选B。小题3:由第二段“Since the 1960s, the United States and a handful of other countries have trained dolphins and sea lions”及第四段“The U.S. Navy kept its Marine Mammal Program a secret until the 1990s”可知美国海军秘密进行该计划大约30年。选B。
小题4:主旨题:从文章的第一二段的内容可知:美国在训练海豚和海狮充当高效反恐先锋。选C。
点评:文章内容有些难度,但题目主要考查了细节题,只要带着题目到文中找到关键的句子,就可以得到答案,同时要注重综合语言能力的运用,结合语境,做出准确的判断。
核心考点
试题【In a little-known part of the counter-terrorism(反恐怖主义) world, one of the most ef】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Three—quarters of a million tourists flock to the white beaches every year,but this booming industry has come at a price.Poisonous smoke rising from open fires,rubbish made up of plastic bottles,packets…it’S a far cry from the white sands,clear waters and palm trees that we associate with the Maldives(马尔代夫),the paradise island holiday destination set in the Indian Ocean.
of its 200 inhabited islands,which are spread across an area of"35,000 square miles,99 are good resorts(旅游胜地).So many tourists come every year,more than double the local population.Of these,over l 00,000 travel from the U K.The capital,Mal6,is four times more densely populated than London.Given these facts,it’S hardly surprising that the Maldives has a waste disposal problem.
Y ears a90,when the tourists left,the government had to deal with a stream of rubbish.Their solution was to turn one of the islands into a dumping ground.Four miles west of Mal6 is the country’s dumping ground,Thilafushi.What you are seeing here is a view of the Maldives on which no honeymooners will ever clap eyes.Each visitor produces 3.5 kg of waste per day.The country dumps more than 330 tons of rubbish on the island every day.
Now,since many waste boats,fed up with waiting seven hours or more,directly offload their goods into the sea,the government of the Maldives has banned the dumping of waste on the island.S0,the waste boats ship the rubbish to India instead.
小题1:What is the main cause of the waste disposal problem?
A.The big local population.B.Too many waste boats.
C.The large number of tourists.D.Open fires on the islands.
小题2:The underlined part can probably be replaced by“——”.
A.it’s quite similar toB.it’S a long distance from
C.it’s a loud shout fromD.it’S totally different from
小题3:What can we learn from the text?
A.It iS much more crowded in Mal6 than in London.
B.Another island will be used as a dumping ground.
C.No honeymooners are willing to visit the Maldives.
D.Waste on islands will be offloaded directly into the sea.
小题4:What’S the author’S purpose in writing the text?
A.To attract more tourists to the Maldives.
B.To state the waste disposal problem in the Maldives.
C.To call on us to protect the environment.
D.To explain the causes of pollution in the Maldives.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Fish have different personalities which change as they experience life’s highs and lows.according to British biologists.
Researchers identified different“personalities” in their fish by observing the boldness or shyness of individuals,according to The Nature.Like people,some fish are very confident in the face of novelty(新奇事物)or conflict;while others are silent and fear.
The scientists selected particularly bold and shy rainbow trout,and tested whether they changed their outlook depending on what life threw at them.They arranged some fish to fight and others to  watch to  see how both the participants  and  observers  responded to victories  and defeats.Winning or losing a fight,or even watching fellow fish overcome the difficulties influenced the future behavior of the creatures studied in the lab.
The researchers made fish compete with much larger or smaller opponents.to ensure that they would win or lose their fights.These bold fish that won their fights tended to be even bolder when later presented with  a novel food  item;losing their fight caused them to be  much more cautious.
Fish also learn by watching others.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery object were much more nervous when later given a novelty item for themselves.
Predictably,shy fish that won a fight also gained more confidence,but surprisingly,shy fish that lost their fights also grew bolder when exploring strange new food,Sneddon said,adding that this could be due to what she calls a“desperado effect”(亡命徒效应).
The new research suggests that animals can gradually adapt their personalities.The results echo the effects that life experience can have on human.
小题1:What does.the underlined word“creatures’’probably refer to?
A.Fish.B.Participants.C.Observers.D.Researchers.
小题2:The third paragraph of the text is mainly about—————.
A.a conclusion of the research
B.an explanation of fish characters
C.a statement of the experiment
D.a description of fish fights
小题3:What can we know from the research?
A.Bold losing fish become—e bolder when presented With a novel food item.
B.Losing their fights causes the bold fish to be much more courageous.
C.Bold fish watching a shy fish exploring a mystery get less nervous.
D.Shy fish losing fights grow more confident in exploring new food.
小题4:What’s the main idea of the text?’   
A.Fish have stress in the fierce fights.
B.Fish care about winning or losing a fight.
C.Fish have adaptable personalities.
D.Fish can learn a lot by watching others.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods can often come at the least expected time.Others, such as hurricanes are increasing in severity and destruction.Typically, those poor countries are the worst hit for they have the least resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home.This part of the globalissues.org website looks at some of these issues.
Japan Earthquake, Tsunami and Nuclear Crisis
The earthquake off the coast of Japan on March 11, 2011 was one of the biggest recorded, measuring 9 on the Richter scale(里氏震级).
It was the resulting tsunami, however, that caused the most destruction.It devastated the northeast of Japan, leaving many thousands dead or missing, and -hundreds of thousands homeless or leaving the area.In addition, various power generators(发电机组) failed.Some older nuclear power stations risked meltdown and suffered explosions and radioactive leaks.Workers battled for weeks to try and bring the situation under control.Radioactive material was detected in various places.
It is thought that the cost of the earthquake and tsunami could be over $ 300 billion-the world"s most expensive natural disaster on record.
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina was a destroyed category 4(四级) hurricane, the highest category, that hit the Gulf of Mexico and various Southern regions of the United States at the end of August, 2005, causing the worst damage in that country"s history, estimated at $ 100 billion.The famous New Orleans city and surrounding areas were worst hit as much of it sits some 6 feet below sea level.City defenses, such as banks, only designed for categary 3 type hurricanes, gave way, leading to enormous flooding and associated damage, death and displacement of around 100, 000 people who either chose to say the course, or could not afford to flee.
小题1:Where would this passage most probably appear?
A.In a textbook.B.In a magazine.C.In a paper.D.In a website.
小题2:Why are those poor countries the worst hit by natural disasters?
A.Because they are lazy and poor.
B.Because they desire help from rich countries.
C.Because they lack resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home.
D.Because they never think of protecting their home.
小题3:What is the meaning do the underlined word "devastated" in the paragraph 3?
A.Built.B.Completed. C.Discovered.D.Destroyed.
小题4:In the disaster happening in 2011 in Japan, what caused the most destruction?
A.Radioactive material.B.Tsunami.
C.Earthquake.D.Power generators" explosion.
小题5:What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Hurricane Katrina also hit the northern part of the USA.
B.Hurricane Katrina caused the second the worst damage in the history of the USA.
C.All parts of New Orleans city were below sea level.
D.City defenses in New Orleans couldn"t deal with Hurricane Katrina.
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Become a confident speaker. How to improve your English speaking skills and make you able to communicate more easily and effectively? The following tips will help you to become a more confident speaker.
Practice where you can and when you can. And practice is good — whether you speak to someone who is a native English speaker or not.
It’s important to build up your confidence. If possible, use the simple sentence structure that you know is correct, so that you can concentrate on getting your message across.
Try to experiment with the English you know. Apply (应用) words and phrases you know to new situations. Native English speakers are likely to correct you if you use the wrong word. They usually don’t mind if you use wrong grammar.
Try to respond to what people say to you. You can often get clues to what people think by looking at their body language. Respond to them in a natural way.
Never translate everything into your own language. It takes you much time and you’ll find it difficult to find an English answer right away. You don’t know how to do well. The more you want to act well, the more slowly you act. This will make you hesitant.
If you forget a word, do what native English speakers do all the time, and say things that ‘fill’ the conversation. This is better than remaining completely silent. Try using ‘um’, ‘er’, if you forget the word.
Don’t speak too fast! It’s important to use a natural rhythm (节奏) in speaking English, but if you speak too fast it will be difficult for people to understand you.
Try to relax when you speak, and you’ll find that your mouth does most of the pronunciation work for you. Speak English at a normal speed.
Final tips: Try to become less hesitant. Don’t be shy to speak — the more you do it, the more confident you’ll become. Remember to be polite — use “please” and “thank you” if you ask someone to do something for you.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
A.Good ways of studying English well.
B.Suggestions on becoming a confident speaker.
C.Things to pay attention to when speaking English.
D.How to correct your mistakes as you speak English.
小题2:How many tips does the author offer in this text?
A.9.B.10.C.11.D.12.
小题3:In this passage, the underlined word “hesitant” in the sixth paragraph means “________”.
A.sure about what to do
B.fast to make a good decision
C.successful in answering questions
D.uncertain about how to express yourself
小题4:This text is most probably written for ________.
A.English beginnersB.native English speakers
C.English teachersD.language experts

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Next Stop: Planet Mars
Fly me to the moon? That’s not far enough. On September 14, 2011, NASA released designs for a superrocket, the Space Launch System (SLS). This time the final destination will be Mars.
The SLS is a huge, liquid-fuelled rocket. If it is fully developed, it will be the most powerful rocket ever built. Its lift capability will be much bigger than that of the space shuttle of Saturn 5, the rocket that sent the Apollo missions to the moon.
NASA is planning to launch its first unmanned test flight in 2017. It is hoped that the first crew will fly in 2021 and astronauts will make it to a nearby asteroid(小行星) in 2025. NASA hopes to send the rocket and astronauts to Mars from the asteroid by the 2030s, according to the Associated Press (AP).
NASA used liquid rockets to send Apollo, Gemini and Mercury into space, but later changed to solid rockets boosters(助推火箭) because they were cheaper. Tragically, however, a booster flaw(缺陷) caused the space shuttle Challenger to crash in 1986. The new project plans to return to liquid fuel.
According to AP, the rockets will at first be able to carry 77 to 110 tons of payload(净载重量). Eventually they will be able to carry 143 tons into space, maybe even as many as 165 tons, NASA officials said. By comparison, the Saturn 5 booster could lift 130 tons and the space shuttle just 27 tons.
However, unlike reusable shuttles, these powerful rockets are mostly one use only. New ones have to be built for every launch. This will be very costly.
NASA estimates that it will cost about $3 billion (19 billion yuan) per year, or $18 billion until the first test flight in 2017. NASA hopes to make money by allowing private companies to send astronauts to the International Space Station like giant taxi services, so that the program can be “sustainable”.
“This is perhaps the biggest thing for space exploration in decades,” said Senator Bill Nelson, a former astronaut. “The goal is to fly humans safely beyond low-Earth orbit(轨道) and deep into outer space where we cannot only survive, but one day also live.”
小题1:What is the outstanding feature of the SLS?
A.It’s equipped with an advanced control system.
B.It’s the first unmanned space shuttle in the world.
C.It’s the only vehicle that can fly astronauts to the moon.
D.It can send a lot more goods and passengers into space.
小题2:What is Saturn 5?
A.An aircraft that had a deadly flaw and crashed in 1986.
B.A series of rockets that once sent astronauts to the moon.
C.An unmanned space shuttle that was once famous in the world.
D.A kind of launch vehicle that will be used to carry astronauts to Mars.
小题3:NASA plans to use liquid fuel in the new project because ______ than solid rockets boosters.
A.it is less costly
B.it is much safer
C.it can last longer
D.it is more environmentally friendly
小题4:According to NASA’s schedule, it will take ______ years to fully complete the SLS program.
A.about 6B.about 10
C.less than 14 D.more than 19
小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A.the SLS program is planning to make reusable rockets
B.the goal of the SLS program is to enable humans to live on the moon
C.the US government may not have provided enough money for the SLS program
D.NASA will use SLS as a space taxi between the Earth and Mars

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