题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial, among many cases, it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning．If the clone was free of genetic limitations．then the other clone would be as well．The latter could foe inserted in the woman and allowed to ripen to term．Moreover, cloning would enable women, who can"t get pregnant, to have children of their own．
Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs．This, surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world that are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single （or more） organ （s）．It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists．
Arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side．Primarily, I believe that cloning would step in the normal "cycle" of life．There would be a large number of same genes, which reduce the chances of improvement, and, in turn, development—the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment．Life processes failing to do so might result in untimely disappearance．Furthermore, cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappear．Thus, leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes and, chances are, that those individuals would be regarded as "objects" rather than people in the society．
Scientists haven"t 100 per cent．guaranteed that the first cloned humans will be normal．Thus this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human "gene-pool"．
Regarding such arguable topics in "black or white" approach seems very innocent to me personally．We should rather try to look at all "shades" of it．I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans．Then we could regard this as for "saving life" instead of "creating life"．I believe cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable．
小题1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．Genetic limitation will be beneficial for some women |
| B．A large number of genes will prevent us from developing |
| C．Prohibition of cloning might limit the freedom of scientists |
| D．First cloned humans might be normal according to scientists |
| A．Cloning should be entirely banned． |
| B．Cloning should be used in creating life． |
| C．Cloning will take away the right to reproduce． |
| D．Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs． |
| A．In a story book |
| B．In a magazine |
| C．In a science fiction |
| D．In a brochure |
答案
小题1:Ｃ
小题2:Ｄ
小题3:Ｂ
小题4:Ａ
解析
试题分析：最近在科学研究方面有了大的发现---人类基因的完整图谱。这一重大发现使人们相信克隆人的那一天不在遥远。克隆人一直受到争议，从道德和宗教方面来说。但是克隆人有好处：一是使那些不孕不育的女性有自己的孩子；二是可以用来克隆器官。但是克隆人使人不在具有唯一性，而且也不能保证正常。所以，克隆器官可以被接受。克隆人无论从道德上还是社会上都不能被接受。
小题1:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的意思：科学家到现在还不能确定第一批克隆人是否正常，这样就会限制科学家在人类基因方面的研究增加限制。故选C 。
小题2:推理判断题。根据最后一段的I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans．（我认为克隆是合法的，如果目的是克隆器官而不是人。）。由此判断选择D。
小题3:推理判断题。通读全文判断，文章是对克隆人的优点和缺点作了分析，不是选自故事书，也不是科幻小说，更不是小册子，推断B（杂志）最佳。
小题4:结构分析题。全文各段的内容分析：第一段阐明观点，第2、3、4、5分别再具体说明观点，最后一段总结。由此判断Ａ最佳。
核心考点
试题【Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research—the mapping of a】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Every child, regardless of the circumstances into which they are born, has the right to achieve their potential, regardless of their parents’ wealth and class. And we recognize that, as a nation, it is a long way to achieve this goal. But rights come with responsibilities and what worries people is that we are in danger of neglecting the latter.
Far too many children are behaving badly at school, even to the point of being violent to staff. This is terrible enough，but it is hard to be surprised since many children are just mirroring the behavior of their parents. Too many are starting school unable to hold a knife and fork, unused to eating at a table，and unable to use the lavatory properly.
We are in danger of becoming a nation of families living separate lives under one roof. The bedroom, once a place to sleep, has become the living space for the young. Spending hours in front of computer screens, on social networking sites or being immersed in computer games, children and young people spend little time with their parents. Parents are unable to monitor just what their children are watching.
Schools cannot right the wrongs of society and teachers cannot become substitute parents. Both parties need to work together. Parents must be helped and given confidence to take back control. They are responsible for setting boundaries for their children’s behavior and sticking to those boundaries when the going gets tough. They are responsible for setting a good example to their children and for devoting that most precious of resources---time---so that children come to school ready and willing to learn.
小题1:What problem do people ignore in the writer’s opinion?| A．The school violence |
| B．The pressure of students’ learning |
| C．The right to achieve students’ potential |
| D．Students’ responsibilities |
小题2:The writer’s attitude to the behaviors of parents may be that of .| A．dissatisfaction | B．sympathy | C．understanding | D．tolerance |
小题3:The underlined part in Paragraph 4 may mean .| A．children don’t live with their parents in the same room |
| B．parents care little about children’s life at home |
| C．children spend little time with their parents at home |
| D．parents attempt to establish a good relationship with their children |
小题4:From the last paragraph,we can infer that .| A．school can’t correct the wrongs that society does to teachers |
| B．teachers have no responsibility for playing the role of parents |
| C．parents should spend time with children making them ready to learn |
| D．students are responsible for making themselves known in society |
小题5:What is the main idea of the passage?| A．Children’s behavior at school is worrying people |
| B．Parents expect schools to correct their children’s bad habits |
| C．There is no point in parents’teaching children at home |
| D．Don’t blame teachers when it’s parents who are failing |
The reef you’d be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.
When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflower or mushrooms.
Dr. Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.
“It’s a new ecosystem we know nothing about,” said Dr. Johnson.
The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimp, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.
Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.
The Washington coast isn’t the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the world were stunned to see it.
小题1:Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
| A．Man-made cities under the sea | B．The world under the sea |
| C．Glass “cities” under the sea | D．Creatures under the sea |
| A．is made up of a kind of materials called sponges |
| B．is a work of art made by some American scientists |
| C．is a new ecosystem people are not familiar with |
| D．was first discovered off the coast of Washington State |
| A．The sponges must feel soft. |
| B．Silica comes from animals’ body fluid. |
| C．Methane is harmful to glass sponges. |
| D．Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living. |
| A．Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there. |
| B．Because thousands of children visit it every year. |
| C．Because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc. |
| D．Because all the species call the reef home. |
| A．Greatly surprised. | B．Extremely scared. |
| C．Highly satisfied. | D．Very pleased. |
Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it’s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.
The chief reason is that American schools don’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.
Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support has made funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.
In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.”
Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.
小题1:What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?
| A．Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S. |
| B．A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators. |
| C．American universities are enrolling more international students. |
| D．University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising. |
| A．The political correctness. |
| B．Their ability to raise funds. |
| C．Their fame in academic circles. |
| D．Their administrative experience. |
| A．The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably. |
| B．Their operation is under strict government supervision. |
| C．They are strengthening their position by globalization. |
| D．Most of their revenues come from the government. |
| A．she was known to be good at raising money |
| B．she could help strengthen its ties with Yale |
| C．she knew how to attract students overseas |
| D．she had boosted Yale’s academic status |
| A．They can enhance the university’s image. |
| B．They will bring with them more international faculty. |
| C．They will view a lot of things from a new perspective. |
| D．They can set up new academic disciplines. |
小题1:_ But by using a college admissions consultant (咨询员), you can greatly increase your chances of getting accepted into the first college on your list. These consultants are people who are expert at getting people just like you into the college of their dreams.小题2:They can make a difference in your college admission quest.
Help finding schools. Perhaps you don’t know where you want to go or only have an unclear idea as to where you would like to go. Your consultant can give you many ideas as to which schools would be fit for you and then you can go from there.
Help with applications.小题3:They will be able to review your application before it is sent off to the college you are applying to and be able to tell you if there is anything that needs to be added or taken away. Imagine how terrible it would be to get refused by the college of your choice only because of some small mistakes.
Help with student loans (贷款). It may be necessary for you to get student loans in your college. 小题4: Your consultant will know exactly where to look and can even help you determine what type of aid you can get. They can even give you some ideas of specific scholarships for you.
It is true that it costs money to hire a college admissions consultant. If they can provide you with ideas for your need, the money is good for the value小题5: I think it is necessary to get into the school you want with the consultants’ help.
| A．After all, you are only going to go to college once. |
| B．You may be puzzled by so many kinds of applications. |
| C．But you may have no idea where to begin your search. |
| D．They know how to do with the scholarship at the college. |
F. Getting accepted into the college of your choice is sometimes a difficult thing.
G. They know exactly what schools do and don’t want to see on applications.
Let"s start with a very simple white puffy cloud — a cumulus cloud（积云）. How much does the water in a cumulus cloud weigh? Peggy LeMone, senior scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, did the numbers. "The water in the little cloud weighs about 550 tons," she calculates. "Or if you want to convert it to something that might be a little more meaningful … think of elephants."
The thought of a hundred elephants-worth of water suspended(悬浮的) in the sky begs another question — what keeps it up there?
"First of all, the water isn"t in elephant-sized particles（微粒）, it"s in tiny tiny tiny particles," explains LeMone. And those particles float on the warmer air that"s rising below. But still, the concept of so much water floating in the sky was surprising even to a meteorologist like LeMone. "I had no idea how much a cloud would weigh, actually, when I started the calculations," she says.
So how many elephant units of water are inside a big storm cloud—10 times bigger all the way around than the "puffy" cumulus cloud? Again, LeMone did the numbers: About 200,000 elephants.
Now, ratchet up(略微调高) the calculations for a hurricane about the size of Missouri and the figures get really massive(巨大的). "What we"re doing is weighing the water in one cubic meter theoretically pulled from a cloud and then multiplying by(乘上) the number of meters in a whole hurricane," she explains.
The result? Forty million elephants. That means the water in one hurricane weighs more than all the elephants on the planet. Perhaps even more than all the elephants that have ever lived on the planet.
小题1:The weight of is NOT mentioned in the passage.
| A．a cumulus cloud | B．a tornado |
| C．a hurricane | D．a storm cloud |
| A．She found it not convincing. |
| B．She thought it needed further calculations. |
| C．She was quite surprised at it. |
| D．She considered the calculations inaccurate. |
| A．A storm cloud weighs about 200,000 elephants. |
| B．The water in a hurricane weighs more than that in any other kind of cloud. |
| C．There are less than forty million elephants living on the earth. |
| D．The water in the cloud is in very tiny partials. |
| A．How Much a Cloud Weighs | B．How Much a Hurricane Weighs |
| C．Surprising Results | D．Elephants in the Sky |
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