题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Hydrogen is one of the building blocks of the universe. Our own sun is basically a big, dense cloud of the stuff. And hydrogen can be used to create electricity for power, heat and light.
The problem is that hydrogen is everywhere and nowhere at the same time. It does not exist as a material on its own, but is always part of something else. So it has to be separated before it can be used.
Most commercial hydrogen in use now is created from natural gas. As oil will start to run out in around the year 2030, it makes sense to produce as much hydrogen as possible as soon as we can. But natural gas supplies will also begin to run out soon after. Another source is needed.
Researchers are now using electricity to make water into hydrogen. Companies are working on the problem in their own areas. The first commercial hydrogen “fuel cells” for computers and mobile phones have already come on to the market. Auto companies have also invested over US $2 billion in the production of hydrogen fuelled cars.
The nations of a hydrogen fuelled planet would not fight over energy recourses. There would be a great reduction in pollution. The only by-product of creating hydrogen is pure drinking water--- something that is very scarce in many parts of the world. But that is not where the good news ends. Once the costs of producing hydrogen have been brought down, it will possibly provide power for a third of the Earth’s population that has no electricity.
And electricity creates wealth. In South Africa over the last decade there has been a large programme of electrification. Thanks to the programme, people do not have to spend their days looking firewood to burn for heat. And with electric light, they can work long into the night.
Some scientists see radical changes in the way the human race co-operates. Hydrogen creates electricity, and is also created by it. With dual use fuel cells, everyone who consumes energy could also produce it. Late at night, a man drives home in London and connects his car into the “world-wide hydrogen web,” which it supplies with electricity. A few hours later, a man in Beijing uses that electricity to power the hydrogen cell in his car. Hydrogen could be the first democratic energy source.
Like all dreams of the future, it seems very far away. But the threat of war and terrorism in the Middle East has made governments and businesses more aware of the need to end oil dependency and spend more time and money on hydrogen resource. So maybe the threat of war is not a completely bad thing for the future of the human race.
小题1:What does the underlined word “it” in the last but one paragraph refer to?
A.wealth | B.hydrogen | C.electricity | D.fuel |
A.It has by-products. |
B.It has to be separated from other materials. |
C.It will make energy too cheap. |
D.It is too far away from us. |
A.To tell us that we produce energy while using hydrogen power. |
B.To tell us that hydrogen power does not produce pollution. |
C.To show hydrogen power can stop war. |
D.To show hydrogen power is cheap. |
A.skeptical | B.negative | C.indifferent | D.positive |
A.war and energy | B.the future of hydrogen as an energy resource |
C.the disadvantages of oil | D.How to end war |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:B
解析
试题分析:文章主要讲的是能源问题。石油和天然气都有枯竭的那一天,所以,研究新能源势在必行。氢气是普遍存在的一种气体,每个地方的人们都有权使用它,而且氢气不会产生污染。文章还讲到氢能源与电能的相互转换,各个国家都在投入大量时间和金钱研究氢能源。
小题1:根据“Hydrogen creates electricity, and is also created by it. With dual use fuel cells, everyone who consumes energy could also produce it.”可知,每一个消耗电能的人也可以生产电能。故选C。
小题2:根据第三段“The problem is that hydrogen is everywhere and nowhere at the same time. It does not exist as a material on its own, but is always part of something else. So it has to be separated before it can be used.”可知,氢气不单独存在,而是依附于其它物质,要想使用氢气,必须先分离出氢气。故选B。
小题3:氢气产生电能,同时电能也可以产生氢气。根据倒数第二段“Late at night, a man drives home in London and connects his car into the “world-wide hydrogen web,” which it supplies with electricity. A few hours later, a man in Beijing uses that electricity to power the hydrogen cell in his car.”可知,电能和氢气之间可以相互转化。故选A。
小题4:根据最后一段可知,中东战争与恐怖主义使越来越多的国家认识到应该终止对石油的依赖,转而投入时间和金钱研究氢能源,这对于人类的未来而言,战争和恐怖主义也许并非一无是处。作者对氢能源抱有积极的态度。故选D。
小题5:文章主要讲的是能源问题。氢气普遍存在,每个地方的人们都有权使用它,而且氢气不会产生污染。文章还讲到氢能源与电能的相互转换,各个国家都在投入大量时间和金钱研究氢能源。因此,B项“氢气作为一种能源的未来”最符合题意。故选B。
核心考点
试题【What if we could replace oil with a fuel which produced no pollution and which e】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
October is usually the busiest month in the college calendar. Universities have something called Freshers’ Week for their newcomers. It’s a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.
However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect (前景) of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nerve-wracking (令人焦虑不安的). Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you join?
Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don’t rush into anything that you’ll regret for the next three years.
Here are some top advice from past students on how to survive Freshers’ Week:
● Learn rules. Make sure you know British social etiquette (礼节). Have a few wine glasses and snacks handy for your housemates and friends.
● Be kind. Sometimes cups of tea or even slices of toast can give you a head start in making friends.
● Be sociable. The more active you are, the more likely you’ll be to meet new people than if you’re someone who never leaves his room.
● Bring a doorstop. Keep your door open when you’re in and that sends positive messages to your neighbors that you’re friendly.
So with a bit of clever planning and effort, Freshers’ Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon you’ll be passing on your experience to next year’s freshers.
小题1:We can learn from the passage that ______.
A.Freshers’ Week usually comes in September in UK |
B.all the students are required to join certain clubs in UK |
C.many freshers are worried about how to fit university life |
D.most of the students in the UK spend three years in universities |
A.To pass the busy university life. |
B.To help make friends with other freshers. |
C.To show yourself a drinker as others. |
D.To enjoy the time in a happy way. |
A.tell the newcomers how to make a new start in universities |
B.introduce something about higher education system of the UK |
C.inform the freshers of British social etiquette |
D.advise the freshmen how to behave well in the beginning |
In the mid 1990s external email providers appeared. The most famous of these was Hotmail, the first free email provider and webbased email service. Sabeer Bhatia and Jack Smith launched Hotmail on July 4, 1996. And Microsoft took note of and bought Hotmail for $400 million on December 30, 1997, a nice birthday present for Bhatia who turned 29 that day. It was relaunched as MSN Hotmail and in 2007 was relaunched again as Windows Live Hotmail.
Fast forward the present day and most of us have at least a personal webbased email account. It seems impossible to live without them. One of the biggest advantages of email is the fact that communication has become so much easier, especially with those across different time zones. Email takes seconds to send a message whereas letters, as we used to communicate by, could take weeks. Of course there was the fax, that beeping invention from the 1980s, but it wasn’t as secure as email and you never knew if the person on the other end had picked up your fax or if it had got lost somewhere in the office.
In conclusion, one of the best inventions from the 1990s has to be email. But sometimes people are too closely connected to their email and have a compulsion to check it several times a day. At work, people have become lazy and instead of going to speak to the person sitting next to them, they send an email,causing an in box to pile up with more time spent reading email and responding rather than working. Clearly, an invention that saved time because of its quick and speedy connection can now also cause us to waste a lot of time.
小题1:The earliest web-based email came into being probably _______.
A.in 1991 | B.in 1996 | C.in 1997 | D.in 2007 |
A.it is exactly as good as email |
B.it is much better than email |
C.it is less convenient than email |
D.it is easier and faster than email |
A.strong desire | B.common sense | C.special curiosity | D.general idea |
A.We should check email boxes frequently. |
B.Lazy people like sending an email. |
C.Email brings us great convenience. |
D.Good inventions also cause problems. |
What if Timothy spent thirteen hours a day at a sewing machine instead of a desk? We would immediately be shocked, because that would be called children being horribly mistreated. Timothy was far from being mistreated, but the mountain of homework he faced daily resulted in a similar consequence —he was being robbed of his childhood. In fact, Timothy had no time to do anything he truly enjoyed, such as playing video games, watching movies, or playing board games with his friends.
Play, however, is a crucial part of healthy child development. It affects children’s creativity, their social skills, and even their brain development. The absence of play, physical exercise, and freefrom social interaction takes a serious toll on many children. It can also cause significant health problems like childhood obesity, sleep problems and depression.
Experts in the field recommend the minutes children spend on their homework should be no more than ten times the number of their grade level. As a fifthgrader, Timothy should have no more than fifty minutes a day of homework (instead of three times that amount). Having an extra two hours an evening to play, relax, or see a friend would soundly benefit any child’s life quality.
小题1:What does the underlined word “them” in the first paragraph probably refer to?
A.Timothy’s parents. | B.Timothy’s grades. |
C.Psychologists. | D.The students. |
A.Timothy was very hardworking. |
B.Timothy was being mistreated. |
C.Timothy had a heavy burden. |
D.Timothy was enjoying his childhood. |
A.Children should be allowed enough time to play. |
B.Playing board games works better than playing video games. |
C.The more they play, the more creative children will become. |
D.The depression caused by homework makes children unwilling to play. |
A.About ten minutes. |
B.No more than twenty minutes. |
C.No more than thirty minutes. |
D.About fifty minutes. |
He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams to search for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠术). He wanted to see whether putting patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease troubled minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary.
Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved sitting with his patients and listening to them talk. He had them talk about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to be expressed. There could be no holding back because of fear or guilt.
Freud believed that all the painful memories of childhood lay buried in the unconscious self. This part of the mind he said contains wishes, desires and experiences too frightening to recognize.
He thought that if these memories could somehow be brought into the conscious mind, the patient would again feel the pain. But this time, the person would experience them as an adult. The patient would feel them, be able to examine them and, if successful, finally understand them.
Using this way, Freud reasoned, the pain and emotional pressure of the past would be greatly weakened. They would lose their hold over the person"s physical health. Soon the patient would get better.
Many of Freud"s theories about how the mind works also had strong sexual connections. These included what he saw as the repressed feelings of sons toward their mothers and daughters toward their fathers.
If nothing else, Freud"s ideas were revolutionary. Some people rejected them. Many others came to accept them. But no one disputes his great influence on the science of mental health.
小题1:How many methods did Sigmund Freud use to study the mind?
A.One. | B.Two. | C.Three. | D.Four. |
A.he had to work hard and have patients talk freely |
B.he had to live with people who had troubled minds |
C.he had to listen to unhappy stories of different people |
D.he had to give his patients a sense of security |
A.could be forgotten forever |
B.could have a life-long influence |
C.could become wises and desires |
D.could be understood unconsciously |
A.have physical and mental problems |
B.be greatly influenced by them |
C.have a better understanding of life |
D.have a healthier and happier life |
Yet only one month later, his expensive light bulb blew up, before he had saved even a small part of the purchase price.Will he stick to his high-cost, low-carbon lifestyle?
China"s environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change.But they have overlooked one fact: in China, low-carbon living comes at a high cost.It means buying energy-saving bulbs and appliances, and environmentally friendly building materials and daily goods.Cost can no longer be the only standard for purchases.An energy-saving and environmentally friendly product is more expensive than a standard alternative - whether it"s a simple light bulb or the house it shines.For average consumers, even buying an ordinary bulb is a huge burden.How can we persuade ordinary people to choose an energy-saving residence? This is not a trend they can afford to follow; perhaps this fashion is only for the rich.
Most consumers today do not cause huge carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.Their responsibility lies not in choosing a low-carbon lifestyle today, but in avoiding a high-carbon life in the future.The principle of "common but differentiated responsibility" - a basis of sustainable development - can be applied here as well.
In China, low-carbon living still is resisted by a lack of social infrastructure(基础设施). Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it.
Consider energy-saving homes. You need to find out whether or not the developer has used natural materials wherever possible; how effective the insulation(绝缘物、隔热物) is; and what the green credentials of installed equipment are.You can read up a little, but you"ll still be lucky to avoid being puzzled by the developers" marketing.Many so-called energy-saving buildings are nothing of the sort, and some are even more energy-hungry than the average home - as Li Taige warned in his article "Energy-efficient buildings? Not always", on China Dialogue last August.
小题1: What may probably be the best title of this passage?
A.To purchase a cheap bulb - your wise alternative. |
B.To choose an energy-saving residence - a must of your life |
C.To learn a low-carbon lifestyle - each citizen"s responsibility |
D.To learn a low-carbon lifestyle - a promising but difficult purpose |
A.Because the cost is a very important standard for purchases. |
B.Because buying an ordinary bulb is very expensive. |
C.Because energy-saving products are more expensive than the common alternatives. |
D.Because rich people like to follow this trend. |
A.Most of them are environmentally friendly. |
B.They are musts of low-carbon lifestyle of Chinese. |
C.They are huge burdens for Chinese people. |
D.Many of them are more in name than in reality. |
A.Using energy-saving bulbs and appliances is a fashion. |
B.It"s easy for most Chinese to try to learn a low-carbon lifestyle. |
C.All citizens in China don’t have the same responsibility in living a low-carbon lifestyle. |
D.Most Chinese families cannot afford to purchase an energy-saving residence. |
A.informative and entertaining | B.supportive but cautious |
C.negative but wise | D.positive and active |
最新试题
- 11895年,维新思潮发展成为爱国救亡的政治运动,其标志是 [ ]A.强学会的成立 B.《中外纪闻》创办 C.“公
- 2对某种植物进行测交实验,后代有四种表现型数量分别是49、52、50、51,这株植物的基因型不可能是[ ]A.Mm
- 3阅读下列材料,回答问题。材料一:从世界历史的观点看,美国革命之所以重要,并不是因为它创造了一个独立的国家,而是因为它创造
- 4面对地球仪(如图所示),拨动它自西向东转动,你所观察到的地理现象中,正确的是A.所有纬线都是相互平行的圆B.热带所跨纬度
- 5人类的有耳垂和无耳垂是由一对基因控制的,有耳垂是由显性基因(R)控制,无耳垂是由隐性基因(r)控制。现有一对夫妇,他们都
- 6______ his nose, he’s quite good looking.A.BesidesB.Apart fr
- 7对于问题:“已知两个正数x,y满足x+y=2,求1x+4y的最小值”,给出如下一种解法:Qx+y=2,∴1x+4y=12
- 8在拨打“120”急救电话时,你必须讲清楚的三点是A.地址、姓名、病人症状B.病人的姓名、相貌、症状C.病人的单位、地址、
- 9北方的冬天,冰冻的湿衣服也能干,这是______现象;在南宁的春天里会出现“回南天”的现象,这种天气衣服很难干,是因为空
- 10若|2x+y-6|+(x-y)2=0,则x=______,y=______.
热门考点
- 1函数的图象与x轴所围成的封闭图形的面积为( )A.B.1 C.4D.
- 2“十一”旅游黄金周期间,几名同学包租一辆面包车去游玩,面包车的租价为180元,出发时,又增加了2名学生,结果每个同学比原
- 3如图为植物体某些生理过程的概念图,请写出标号所代表的文字.① ,② ,③ ,④ ,⑤ .
- 4有甲、乙两家通迅公司,甲公司每月通话的收费标准如图所示;乙公司每月通话收费标准如表所示:(1)观察上图,甲公司用户月通话
- 5Ade"s constant________ from work made his boss very angry.[
- 6“火锅”是用“固体酒精”作为燃料的,已知这种燃料的热值是107J/kg,若完全燃烧0.2kg“固体酒精”则放出_____
- 7痰液中往往含有进入人体的灰尘和病菌,它形成于 [ ]A.鼻腔 B.喉 C.气管 D.肺
- 8The father _____ his son to buy him a car if he goes abroad
- 9图17为“我国南方某区域示意图”。读图完成下列各题。(7分)(1)上世纪50年代后,P湖泊面积曾迅速缩小。其主要原因是:
- 10下列有关细胞全能性的叙述,错误的是[ ]A.克隆绵羊“多利”的诞生证明了动物细胞具有全能性B.细胞全能性产生的根