题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

Way back in 1662，John Evelyn，a brilliant Englishman known for his detailed diaries，wrote about disastrous effects of coal-burning on the city of London .In it,he described an infernal scene of smog．air filled with “Columns and Clouds of Smoke’’given out by small industries and residences that burned coal for fuel．
I found the description in the 2003 book When Smoke Ran like Water，by epidemiologist(流行病学家)and environmental advocator(倡导者)Devra Davis．In it,Davis looks back at several historic pollution events and their disastrous effect on human human health-and at how these phenomena were often Ignored or even actively covered up by then people in charge at that time.
As Davis points out，John Evelyn was ahead of his time when writing about how London’s polluted air affected  the well-being of its residents．It wasn’t  until nearly 300 years later,after what became well-known as the Great Smog of 1952，that the government began to address the problem in a systematic way．
For four days．Between December 5^th“and 9^th“，due to all accident of the weather pattern，the city was buried in a heavy fog .People were still burning coal for fuel，and low-grade coal at that time， because 0f wartime condition．A temperature inversion(转向)trapped the smoke from the city’s fires， creating a black cloud in which people could barely find their way down the most familiar streets
Some tried to protect themselves，but most people simply went about their business. But l952’s fog was far worse than any other in memory．In the same week of the previous year, 1852 people had died in London；inl952，that number was 4703 And the deaths didn’t stop when the weather changed and the fog lifted．Davis and her colleagues analyzed data from the next several months and found that about 13000 more people died between December and March than one would have predicted from historical averages Many of them died of pneumonia(肺炎)．The government，she writes．Tried to blame a bad flu season．Her detailed analysis found that explanation simply did
not pan out．
Davis writes that even today in this country ,we still have not completely absorbed the lessons of similar events．Sixty years the killer fog lifted in London，people are dying preventable deaths and suffering life．changing illnesses，simply because they must breathe the air of the cities where they live
小题1:The passage is written to     

A．warn people of the danger from air pollution

B．introduce London’s Great Smog of l952

C．blame the government for the smog

D．explain the reasons for air pollution

小题2:The underlined word‘‘infernal” in the first paragraph probably means“    ”

A．imaginary

B．adventurous

C．unbelievable

D．annoying

小题3:One of the reasons for the Great Smog of l952wasthat——

A．people burned wood for fuel

B．a forest fire created a black cloud over the city

C．the government ignored the smog

D．most people went abouttheirbusine00

小题4:How does the writer feel about the present air condition in London?
A. lndifferent   B Concerned    C．Hopeless．D. Panic

答案

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B

解析

试题分析：雾霾天气越来越严重的今天，在过去就已经出现了。早在上世纪就有学者指出工业化带来的空气污染的危害并著书说明。然而不幸的事还是发生了，最有代表性的就是1852年的伦敦毒烟雾事件。事实已经表明，治理空气污染已经刻不容缓。
小题1:主旨大意题。 全文讲了空气污染对人们生活健康的危害，并有事实事例和学者观点加以证明，所以是在警告我们空气污染的危害性。故选A。
小题2:词义猜测题 。结合上下文可知书中描述了一个充满烟雾的世界，然人觉得如地狱般。imaginary虚构的；adventurous 爱冒险的； unbelievable难以置信的；annoying恼人的，讨厌的。故选D。
小题3:细节理解题。由 “The government，she writes．Tried to blame a bad flu season．Her detailed analysis found that explanation simply did not pan out．”可知，政府讲责任推卸给糟糕的流感季节而没有深入研究原因导致了事件的一再延续。故选C。
小题4:细节理解题。由“Sixty years  the killer fog lifted in London，people are dying preventable deaths and suffering life．”可知，作者对于伦敦的空气质量现状是“关心的”indifferent 漠不关心的； Concerned 关切的；Hopeless充满希望的；Panic疼痛的 。故选B。