题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
“Until now most of the thinking has suggested that to be a good competitor in the forest, you have to be a big plant,” says Queen’s Biology professor Lonnie Aarssen. “But our research shows it’s virtually the other way around.”
Previous studies showed that larger plant species monopolize(垄断) sunlight, water and other resources, limiting the number of smaller plant species that can exist around them. But the research has proved that this is not generally the case in natural vegetation.
In the Queen’s project, PhD student Laura Keating targeted the largest “host plants” of 16 woody plant species growing in the Okanogan Valley, British Columbia. The research team calculated the number and variety of plants that neighbored each large host plant. They then randomly selected plots without host plants and calculated the plant species there as well. The research showed that the massive trees have no effect on the number of species with which they coexist.
Smaller plants have many advantages over their overbearing neighbors, Professor Aarssen notes. Larger species generate physical space niches under their shelters where smaller species grow well. Smaller plants are much more effective than large trees at using available resources. They also produce seeds at a much younger age and higher rate than their bigger counterparts, and settle down much more quickly—thuscompeting with the newly-born plants of larger species.
小题1: What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Smaller plants may have many advantages over their neighbors. |
B.In the plant world, the bigger is better than the smaller one. |
C.To be a good competitor in the forest, you have to be a small plant. |
D.Queen’s University’s students made a new research. |
A.large and small plants can grow together in harmony |
B.larger plant species limit their smaller neighbors’ growth |
C.small plant species have their own advantages |
D.large and small plant species can never coexist |
A.Larger plant species limit the number of smaller ones around them. |
B.Smaller plants can limit the number of plant species around them. |
C.Smaller plants produce seeds at a higher rate than their bigger counterparts. |
D.Larger trees are more effective than small plants at using available resources. |
a. Randomly selected plots without host plants and-calculated the plant species.
b. Calculated the number and variety of plants that neighbored each large host plant.
c. Selected the largest individuals or "host plants" of 16 woody plant species.
A.a, b, c | B.c, b, a |
C.b, c, a | D.a, c, b |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
小题1: A 主旨大意题。结合文章第一段及最后一段可知,本文主要是讲述科学家的新发现:低矮植物比高大植物更有优势。
小题2: B 词义猜测题。this指代文中larger plant species monopolize sunlight, water and other resources, limiting the number of smaller plant species that can exist around them这一观点。
小题3:C 细节理解题。由最后一段They also produce seeds at a much younger age and a higher rate than their bigger counterparts可知C项正确。
小题4:B 事件排序题。由文章第四段可知选B。
核心考点
试题【 New findings from Queen’s University biologists show that in the plant world, b】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Sharks, in particular, are “in” these days. Thanks to good public policy and famous stars such as Jackie Chan and Ang Lee, killing sharks for fin soup is no longer cool.
The demand for shark fins has been rising for decades, threatening sharks with extinction(灭绝)—up to 100 million sharks are killed each year just for their fins. But we have started to reverse the trend, particularly in many areas of the United States and overseas where restaurants once proudly provided delicious shark fins on the menu.
In California, a ban on the sale and possession of shark fin soup has gone into effect this year through the efforts of Wild Aid and other organizations.
Overseas marketing and public efforts featuring posters on public transportation systems and TV ads have been underway for the past few years. These efforts all show signs of success, on both the supply side and the demand side of trade in shark fins.
Actually, stopping the killing of sharks is part of a broader movement to stop the killing of wild animals and the buying and selling of wildlife products. These products come from hunting elephants, tigers and rhinos, besides killing marine life.
Whether it is shark fin soup or ivory piano keys, killing animals is big business. The hunting of elephants in search of ivory tusks for luxury(奢侈的)goods has become a fullscale war. The decrease of African elephant populations is alarming. Together with international partners, the United States is leading the worldwide effort to reduce demand for highend products that rely on killing animals.
小题1:The underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A.show | B.keep |
C.follow | D.change |
A.Jackie Chan and Ang Lee make fin soup popular |
B.a lot of wild animals have been killed for products |
C.Steven Spielberg"s Jaws inspires us to protect sharks |
D.the number of African elephants has been increased |
A.More animals for highend products will be saved. |
B.People have kicked the habit of having shark fin soup. |
C.Shark fins will not be available any more in restaurants. |
D.Global efforts have succeeded in stopping killing wild animals. |
Some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.
“Being thin doesn"t surely mean you are not fat,” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.
According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.
Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.
According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.
Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes. They want to prove that internal fat damages the body"s communication systems.
The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no short cut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle,” Bell said.
小题1:What is this piece of news mainly about?
A.Thin people also have troubles. |
B.Internal fat is of no importance. |
C.Internal fat leads to many diseases. |
D.Thin people may be fat inside. |
A.being slim doesn"t mean you are not fat inside |
B.internal fat is the cause of heart disease and diabetes |
C.being slim is not dangerous at all |
D.the exact dangers of internal fat |
A.People with heart disease all have internal fat. |
B.People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet. |
C.Men are more likely to have too much internal fat. |
D.Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat. |
Professor Anne Bamford,of the University of the Arts,London,studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries,including the UK.Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks,improving test scores by an average of 1 7 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons.They gave more detailed answer to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime(模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding,increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film.Schools would need 3Denabled projectors(投影仪),laptops with good picture capabilities,3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations(动作) into classrooms.
But Danny Nicholson,an educationist,said the technology would be impractical to use inschools and could be costly.He said,“While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting,I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick(小玩意儿).There are a few cases where a true3D image might help,but most of the time,good 2D models that can be moved would be just aseffective.”
In the US,one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1,000 3Dprojectors fixed in classrooms.And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils.Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.
小题1:What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?
A.There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images. |
B.Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes. |
C.Schools have difficulties in making full use of 3D technology. |
D.3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology. |
A.is of no help in classes |
B.has a bright future in classes |
C.is more practical than 2D models |
D.may not be affordable for schools |
A.3D technology will replace 2D models in the future. |
B.Many pupils are now more Interested In science than before. |
C.Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training. |
D.3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado. |
A.absorbed | B.annoyed |
C.relaxed | D.confused |
Android is most popular in Japan, with 55% of respondents(调查对象) using it, compared with 39% for iOS.Android is also number one in a few other countries, including New Zealand (41%), the US(40%), and China (38%).
iOS is farthest ahead in Switzerland, with 52% usage vs 23% for Android.Other countries where iOS is far ahead include Australia (49% vs 25% Android), Canada (45% vs 23% Android and 23% Blackberry), and France (43% vs 25% Android).
In Egypt, Windows Mobile is far more popular than iOS.13% of survey respondents use the Microsoft smartphone platform, behind Symbian (19%) and Android (14%). iOS is very far down at 4%.
Mobile social networking is biggest in Mexico and Argentina, where 74% and 73% of users visit a social network daily.But mobilesocial is weak in Japan where 34% of users never visit a social network on their phone, and this figure rises to 41% in Brazil.
Watching video is most popular in Saudi Arabia, with 59% of respondents doing it daily.Number two is Egypt, with 41%.
Chinese users shop from their phones.59% of Chinese users do this, compared with only 41% in secondplace Egypt.Chinese users also love to write reviews.41% of them write a review of a local business after looking it up on their smartphone.Number two, Japan, is far behind, with only 24% of respondents doing this.
。
小题1:Which of the following best describes the usage of the smartphone operating systems in Egypt?
A.Windows Mobile>iOS>Symbian>Android |
B.Android>Windows Mobile>iOS>Symbian |
C.iOS>Android>Symbian>Windows Mobile |
D.Symbian>Android>Windows Mobile>iOS |
A.Brazil. | B.Japan. |
C.Mexico. | D.Argentina. |
A.Health. | B.Environment. |
C.Technology. | D.Entertainment. |
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191211/20191211095628-10138.jpg)
Ma Xingrui, chief mander of China"s lunar programme, declared the mission (任务)a “plete success”. The first soft landing on the Moon since 1976 is the latest step in China"s ambitious space programme, says BBC science reporter Paul Rincon.
The lander will operate there for a year, while the rover is expected to work for some three months. The Chang"e3 mission landed some 12 days after being launched atop a Chinesedeveloped Long March 3B rocket from Xichang in the country"s south. The official Xinhua news service reported that the lander began its descent(下降)on Saturday just after 13:00 GMT, touching down in Sinus Iridum (the Bay of Rainbows) 11 minutes later. “I was lucky enough to see a prototype rover(原型月球车) in Shanghai a few years ago it"s a wonderful technological achievement to have landed,” Prof Andrew Coates, from UCL"s Mullard Space Science Laboratory, told BBC News.
Chang"e3 is the third unmanned rover mission to touch down on the lunar surface, and the first to go there in more than 40 years. The last was an 840kg (1,900lb) Soviet vehicle known as Lunokhod2, which was kept warm by polonium(钋)210. But the sixwheeled Chinese vehicle carries a more sophisticated payload(复杂的有效负荷), including groundpenetrating radar which will gather measurements of the lunar soil and crust.
小题1:What does the text mainly talk about?
A.China"s space and aeronautics industry develops quickly. |
B.The importance of China"s space and aeronautics industry. |
C.China"s Jade Rabbit Moon rover sends back first photos. |
D.Chang"e3 is the third unmanned rover mission to touch down on the lunar surface. |
A.nearly 40 | B.37 |
C.64 | D.more than 40 |
A.do some research about the moon |
B.be the first settler on the moon |
C.to plant the Chinese flag onto the moon |
D.send a lovely jade rabbit onto the moon |
A.13:00 | B.20:00 |
C.22:00 | D.21:00 |
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