题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
〔1〕The harmful effects on children were summed up last year in a report by the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. Problems begin early, as the infants of depressed mothers cry more than other babies. They have greater fear of strangers and less tolerance for frustration. Starting in preschool and across all stages of childhood, they have more behavior problems at school and higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders.
〔2〕By adolescence, children with depressed parents have poorer social relations than the teens of parents________, and they’ re more likely to be dependent on alcohol and drugs. Depression in parents also is linked to more behavior problems at school and higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders, according to studies in the report.
〔3〕And some harmful effects of growing up with a depressed parent appear to remain intoadulthood. A 20-year study on kids of depressed parents found that those with depressed parents suffered about three times the rate of anxiety disorders and depression by their 30s, and they were in poorer health than peers and much more likely to be dependent on drugs and alcohol. The study, believed to be the longest ever done, was published in the American Journal of Psychiatry in 2006. These effects may not only be longlasting but also farreaching. Serious depression affects about one in five American parents, and 15.6 million children live with an adult who has had major depression in the last year.
〔4〕As knowledge about the effects of parental depression has grown, so too has research into how to fight those effects. Studies suggest, for example, that changing destructive parenting practices and teaching children good coping strategies can make a big, positive difference in kids.
76. What is mainly talked about in the text? (no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
With a better understanding of the effects of depressed parents, research is also being conducted on how to prevent those effects.
_______________________________________________________________________________
78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
79. List three negative effects of parental depression on children. (no more than 20 words)
①_______________________ ②_______________________ ③____________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
评分建议：能正确概括文章大意均可得分。需保证含义与参考答案一致，单词拼写无误。
77. As knowledge about the effects of parental depression has grown, so too has research into how to fight those effects.
评分建议：能准确找出上述句子。字体清楚，有抄写错误要酌情扣分。
78. who aren’t depressed
评分建议：根据文章内容，使语句通顺。字体清楚、无拼写、语法错误，即可得分。
79. Greater fear of strangers. /Less tolerance for frustration./ More behavior problems at school./ Higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders. /Dependence on alcohol and drugs.
评分建议：给出以上建议中3条即可得3分；每条建议1分。有语言表达错误，或总体超过字数限制酌情扣分。
80.而且在（孩子）成长过程中，父母情绪压抑所产生的有害影响会一直持续到（孩子）成年。
解析
核心考点
试题【阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分, 共15分）阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。〔1〕The harmful effect】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I remember one Thanksgiving when our family had no money and no food, and someone knocked on our door. A man was there with a giant 36 and some other food. The stranger announced, “I’m here to help people 37 . Have a great Thanksgiving.”
From then on ,I promised 38 that someday I would do the same for others. Every Thanksgiving since I was eighteen, I would buy enough food, 39 like a delivery boy, go to the 40 neighborhood and knock on a door. I always 41 a note explaining my Thanksgiving experience as a kid. I have received 42 from it than from any amount of money.
Last Thanksgiving I was in a hotel in New York with my new wife. She was sad because normally she 43 be home decorating the house for Christmas. I said, “Why don’t we decorate some 44 today instead of trees?” When I told her what I always did on Thanksgiving , she got 45 .
We went down to the street to 46 a van. We has waved to about twenty drivers before one finally 47 . We asked him, “Could you take us to a disadvantaged area? We’ll pay you.”
The driver said, “You don’t have to 48 me. I’ll take you to places you’ve 49 thought of going. 50 first tell me why you want to do this.”
I told him my story and that I wanted to show gratitude by giving something 51 . We bought food 52 for a troop. Then he took us to the South Bronx where there were half a dozen people living in one room with no electricity or heat in the dead of 53 . It was both an 54 realization that people lived this way and a truly fulfilling experience to make even a small 55 .
36．A．chicken B．turkey C．pig D．sheep
37．A．in vain B．in turn C．in return D．in need
38．A．my wife B．the stranger C．myself D．him
39．A．dress B．work C．look D．behave
40．A．poorest B．nearest C．nicest D．best
41．A．included B．read C．contained D．took
42．A．much B．less C．fewer D．more
43．A．could B．would C．might D．must
44．A．hotels B．lives C．streets D．houses
45．A．nervous B．sad C．excited D．worried
46．A．buy B．make C．decorate D．find
47．A．talked B．smiled C．fled D．stopped
48．A．tell B．stop C．ask D．pay
49．A．ever B．never C．always D．sometimes
50．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Instead D．But
51．A．up B．back C．in D．out
52．A．just B．right C．enough D．good
53．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
54．A．astonishing B．angry C．unforgettable D．unrealistic
55．A．progress B．meal C．difference D．Trip
D
My father’s family name being Pirrip, and my Christian name Philip, my infant tongue could
make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pip. So, I called myself Pip, and came to
be called Pip.
As I never saw my father or my mother, and never saw any likeness of either of them (for their days were long before the days of photographs), my first imagination regarding what they were like, were unreasonably from their tombstones. The shape of the letters on my father’s gave me a strange idea that he was a square, dark man , with curly black hair. From the character and turn of the words, “Also Georgiana Wife of the Above,” I drew a childish conclusion that my mother was freckled（长雀斑的）and sickly.
Ours was wet country, down by the river, within, as the river wound, twenty miles of the sea. My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things, seems to me to have been gained on an unforgettable cold afternoon towards evening. At such a time I found out for certain, that this place overgrown with nettles（荨麻）was the churchyard（墓地）;and that Philip Pirip, and also Georgiana wife of the above, were dead and buried; and that Alexander, Bartholomew, Abraham, Tobias, and Roger, infant children to the aforesaid, were also dead and buried. Suddenly I began to feel lonely and sad and afraid. I began to cry.
"Hold your noise!" cried a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church porch. "Keep still, you little devil, or I"ll cut your throat!"
A fearful man, all in grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. A man who had been shivered; and whose teeth chattered in his head as he seized me by the chin.
"Oh! Don"t cut my throat, sir," I pleaded in terror. "Pray don"t do it, sir."
"Tell us your name!" said the man. "Quick!"
"Pip, sir."
"Once more," said the man, staring at me. "Give it mouth!"
"Pip. Pip, sir."
“Show us where you live ,” said the man. “Point out the place!”
I pointed to where our village lay, among the alder-tree, a mile or more from the church. The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned mw upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread. When the church came to itself—for he was so sudden and strong that he made to go head over heels before me, and I saw the steeple（尖塔）under my feet—when the church came to itself, I say, I was seated on a high tombstone, trembling, while he ate the bread hungrily.
“You young dog,” said the man, licking his lips, “what fat cheeks you have got.”
I believe they were fat, though I was at that time undersized for my years, and not strong.
“Darn me If I couldn’t eat them,” said the man, with a threatening shake of his head.
I carefully expressed my hope that he wouldn’t, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying.
“Now look here!” said the man. “Where’s your father?”
“There sir!” said I .
He started, made a short run, and stopped and liked over his shoulder.
“There sir!” I explained. “That’s his grave.”
“Oh!” said he, coming back.
“And mother’s there too, sir. And my five little brothers.”
67．Who do you think Alexander is?
A．Pip’s friend. B．Pip’s father.
C．One of Pip’s little brothers. D．The fearful man.
68．It can be learned from the passage that .
A．Pip’s mother was freckled and ill.
B．Pip imagined what his parents liked through their photographs.
C．Pip’s parents and little brothers were killed by the man.
D．Pip was probably shorter or thinner than most children of his age.
69．What is the fearful man most likely to be?
A．An escaped prisoner. B．A minister of the church.
C．A tower watcher. D．Pip’s parents’ enemy.
70．Which of the following is right according to the passage?
A．It was the words on the tombstones that made mw know of my parents’ appearance.
B．The man was so hungry that he wanted to cut his throat and eat his fat cheeks.
C．Pip’s parents were buried together in the churchyard 20 miles from the village.
D．He called himself Pip just because he was too young to pronounce his long name clearly.
第Ⅱ卷非选择题（二部分，共35分）
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的词。
注意：每空只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Five tips to deal with stress
Stress, the biggest enemy of the modern world! It kidnaps our peace of mind, tortures our evenings, when we return home from work and murders those beautiful moments. But like all enemies, this enemy can also be got rid of!
Put your body in motion.
Moving from the chair to the couch while watching TV is not being physically active! Physical activity is one of the most important ways to keep stress away by clearing your head and lifting your spirits. Physical activity also increases endorphin levels—the natural “feel-good” chemicals.
Laugh
Some say that laughter is the best medicine—well, in many cases, it is! Did you know that it takes 15 facial muscles to laugh? Lots of laughing can make you feel good—and, that good feeling can stay with you even after the laughter stops. So , head off stress with regular doses of laughter by watching a funny movie or cartoons, reading a joke book, or even make up your own riddles…laughter can make you feel like a new person!
Everyone has those days when they do something really silly or stupid. Instead of getting upset with yourself, laugh out loud! No one’s perfect! Life should be about having fun. So , lighten up!
Have fun with friends.
Being with people you like is always a good way to get rid your stress. Get a group together to go
to the movies, shoot some hoops, or play a board game—or just hang out and talk. Friends can help
you work through your problems and let you see the brighter side of things.
Spill （发泄）to someone you trust.
Instead of keeping your feelings bottled up inside, talk to someone you trust or respect about what’s
Bothering you. It could be a friend , a parent, someone in your family, or a teacher. Talking out
your problems and seeing them a different view might help you figure out ways to deal with them.
Just remember, you don’t have to go it alone!
Lend a hand.
Get involve in an activity that helps others. It’s almost impossible to feel stressed out when you’re helping someone else. It’s also a great way to find out about yourself and the special qualities you never knew you had! Signing up for a service project is a good idea, but helping others is as easy as saying hello, holding a door, or volunteering to keep a neighbor’s pet. The feeling you will get from helping others is greater than you can imagine!
Remember , you’re not alone—everyone has stresses in their lives…it’s up to you to choose how to deal with them.
Five tips to deal with stress
| Lead in | We can get rid of stress. |
| Tips | 1.Being 71 active. To keep stress away. To 72 endorphin levels. |
| 2. 73 up and laugh. To make you feel good. To make you feel like a new person. | |
| 3.Hanging 74 with friends. To help you work through your problems. To make you have a 75 attitude towards things. | |
| 4.Talking to someone you trust. To help you figure out ways to deal with 76 . | |
| 5.Taking part in an activity that is 77 to others. To find out about yourself. To feel 78 than you can imagine. | |
| Conclusion | Everyone is under heavy 79 , and you can choose 80 to so with it. |
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
China"s College Entrance Examination (CEE)in 1977 and 1978 changed the fate of a group of Chinese people with large age differences and from all walks of life. Thirty years later, some of them anxiously wait outside exam spots, praying for good luck for their only child.
The Chinese describe the CEE, or gaokao in Chinese, as "thousands of troops on a single--log bridge" because of the limited number of places at universities. For students in the countryside, the tough exams may be their only opportunity to escape the hardship of country life.
A survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and the China Youth Daily showed 89.6 percent of those people felt their fate was changed by the exam. Among those who said their fate was "totally changed", 69.1 percent came from the countryside and only 30.9 percent were from cities. Some Chinese think too much emphasis is placed on having a university diploma (文凭). It is believed that a person will not find a proper job without a college certificate, and that there are increasingly fewer jobs even for college graduates.
Although the CEE is still a major means of selecting people for higher education after 30 years of development, the society has gradually adjusted its standard, A lot of people think that the CEE needs reforming, but these reforms will have to be gradual. While debates over the exam continue, more people believe it is the only open, fair and just way of talent selection.
| College Entrance Exam Shapes | |
| Introduction | The fate of a group of Chinese people with a large (76) in their age and from all walks of life was changed by the CEE in 1977 and 1978. |
| (77) ______ of the CEE | About eighty-nine percent of those people felt the exam changed their (78) ________. The CEE means more to those who come from the (79) areas. |
| Different opinions on the CEE | It is descried as " thousands of troops on a single-log bridge" because the number of places at universities is (80) _______. Some Chinese think we (81) having a university diploma too much. A lot of people think that the CEE needs to be (82) ________. We should carry out the reforms (83) _______. |
| Conclusion | People continue (84) over the exam, It is believed to be the only open, fair and just way of (85) _______ talented people. |
When she got to the door the two boys were 15 her.She watched them 16 for the few things in their 17 .They had both 18 their overcoats.Mr.Pater did not seem to know what they had done.He even 19 at them as they were about to 20 .Now, Kate decided to stop them.
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