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Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (奖券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.
In the world of monkeys,grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.
The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
68. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.
B. Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.
C. In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.
D. Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.
69. The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.
A. monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows  
B. feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature
C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other
D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings
70. Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Human beings" feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.
B. In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.
C. Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.
D. Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness that dates from 35 million years ago.
71. What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?
A. The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.
B. They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
C. The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.
D. Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.
答案
68-71 BBCC 
解析

核心考点
试题【Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if y】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Lane waited on the bench nearest the bridge, as he had been instructed.. The strong wind blew straight across the river, and he had to put his overcoat closer about him.
He went over his instructions in his mind. The spy would appear at four o’clock. He would talk to Lane for a while, after which he would get up, leaving his newspapers behind. The plans would be found inside.
A distant clock began to strike the hour. As if from nowhere, a man appeared and sat down beside Lane, placing his newspaper on the seat between them. He was thin and middle-aged, and seemed in need of a good meal. He didn’t look like a successful spy, Lane thought. His talk about the weather was uninteresting.
A few minutes later he got up and continued on his way. Lane picked up the paper which lay on the bench, as if he wanted to read the news. He was excited to see the plans, stuck on the center page. At that moment, however, there was a strong gust of wind which lifted the newspaper into the air, like a kite, and blew it into the river.
小题1:Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A.Sitting on the bench, Lane repeated his orders to himself
B.Lane would read about the plans in the newspaper.
C.The man Lane was expecting didn’t arrive on time
D.The man who suddenly appeared was not the one Lane was waiting for.
小题2:The spy was going to give Lane some important        .
A.papersB.informationC.instructionsD.advice
小题3:Lane found the spy very         .
A.interestingB.peculiarC.ordinaryD.well-fed
小题4: The spy left the newspaper        .
A.by the planB.by mistakeC.at Lane’s requestD.out of kindness

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选取出适合填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
There was a boy in India who was sent by his parents to a boarding school.Before being sent away this boy was the ___26___ student in his class.He was at the top in every ___27___.He was a champion.
But the boy ___28___ after leaving home and attending the boarding school.His ___29___ started dropping.He hated being in a group.He was ___30___ all the time.And there were especially dark times when he felt like ___31___ himself.All of this because he felt ___32___ and that no one loved him.
His ___33___ started worrying about the boy.But ___34___ they did not know what was wrong with him.___35___ his dad decided to travel to the boarding school and talk with him.
They sat ___36___ the bank of the lake near the school.The father started asking him ___37___ questions about his classes, teachers and ___38___.After some time his dad said, “Do you know, son,___39___ I am here today?”
The boy ___40___, “to check my grades?”
“No, no” his dad replied, “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person for me.I want to see you happy.I don’t care about grades.I care about ___41___.I care about your happiness.YOU ARE MY ___42___.”
These words caused the boy’s eyes to fill with tears.He ___43___ his dad.They didn’t say anything to each other for a long time.
Now the boy had everything he wanted.He knew there was someone on this ___44___ who cared for him deeply.He ___45___ the world to someone.And today this young man is in college at the top of his class and no one has ever seen him sad!
26.A.richest                B.prettiest               C.laziest                 D.brightest
27.A.game                  B.school                 C.competition         D.group
28.A.changed              B.died                    C.arrived                D.regretted
29.A.hair                    B.tears                   C.love                    D.grades
30.A.worried               B.careless               C.lonely                 D.busy
31.A.teaching              B.killing                 C.helping               D.enjoying
32.A.cold                    B.worthless             C.well                    D.sick
33.A.parents                B.classmates           C.teachers               D.companions
34.A.even            B.now           C.yet             D.then
35.A.And                   B.But                    C.Or                      D.So
36.A.toward                B.along                  C.opposite              D.on
37.A.serious                B.casual                 C.personal              D.difficult
38.A.work                  B.study                  C.sports                  D.education
39.A.when                  B.where                 C.how                    D.why
40.A.turned away        B.answered back     C.whispered softlyD.cried out     
41.A.it              B.you            C.myself          D.us
42.A.LIFE                  B.ANXIETY          C.CARE                 D.NEED
43.A.forgave               B.hit                      C.hugged                D.begged
44.A.side                    B.earth                   C.trip                     D.day
45.A.meant                 B.owed                  C.moved                D.left
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
任务性阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。(注意:每空填1个单词。)
You could fill a store with all the energy drinks now available. They promise to make people feel more energetic and think more clearly. These products have names like Red Bull, Monster, Ripped Force, Speed Stack and 5-Hour Energy. They appeal mainly to young people and are fueled mainly by caffeine.
Chad Reissig at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, is a medical researcher who studies drug dependence. He says the team he works on got interested in studying energy drinks because of the explosion in their popularity in the last few years.
He says the researchers found three major things. One: there are hundreds of brands of energy drinks in most major countries. Two: the drinks are not clearly labeled with enough information. And three: the amount of caffeine varies greatly. Some contain as little as fifty milligrams, others as much as five hundred.
By comparison, a cup of Starbucks brewed coffee contains 330 milligrams in 473 milliliters.
Some energy drinks contain a mixture of ingredients listed as an “energy blend(混合物)”. Ingredients like taurine, guarana and inositol are natural substances. But Chad Reissig says scientists do not know a lot about them and how they interact with each other and caffeine. And worse, he says, there is no listing of the amount  of each ingredient.
Some people combine energy drinks with alcohol. They think they can drink more alcohol that way and not be affected. Studies, however, suggest that they are still under the influence of the alcohol even if they do not feel that way.
Some makers of energy drinks do provide warnings. For example, a popular energy shot warns against use by people who are pregnant, nursing a baby or under the age of twelve. Energy shots are small bottles of liquid. The directions also advise people to limit caffeine products and drink only half the bottle if they want a moderate (适度的) amount of energy.
The team at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine published a report in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence. They suggested better labeling with the amount of caffeine and other ingredients clearly listed on the drink. The researchers are continuing to study energy drinks. They are currently seeking young people who have had a bad experience after drinking them.
Research on energy drinks
Brands of energy drinks
Red Bull, Monster, Ripped Force, Speed Stack and 5-Hour Energy and so on.
(71)____ of energy drinks
Young people would feel more energetic and drink more clearly after drinking them.
(72)_____ for research
Why energy drinks are extremely(73)_____ with young people?
Researchers’(74) _____
•Hundreds of energy drinks in most major countries are not clearly labeled with ingredients.
•The amount of caffeine is(75)_____ from one kind to another.
Problems of energy drinks
•How “energy blends” interact with each other and caffeine and the amount of each ingredient are(76)_____ to scientists.
•Some people drink energy drinks together with alcohol, (77)_____ they won’t be affected.
(78)_____ of the researchers
List exact amount of caffeine and other ingredients on the bottle.
Researchers’ (79)_____ job
To find young people with a bad experience after drinking energy drinks for(80)_____ research.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

III. Reading Comprehension (35分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Billions of people across the world use cell phones. Though cell phones can be wonderful, liberating tools of   50  , freeing us from the confines (界限) of an office and providing more leisure time, they often do the exact   51  . Cell phone use has   52   the line between work and non-work time, increasing stress and tension within families and between friends. As Eric Slate, author of Technoslave commented in his essay: "It seems the more "  53  " we are, the more detached (不相连的) we become."
There is a risk of being too connected. While I was hiking in Spain, I got   54   a few times. I saw new sights and was surprised by   55   landscapes and towns I wouldn"t have otherwise come across. Back in the US, whenever I got lost, I would always call a friend for   56   on my cell phone. With a cell phone, you"re less   57   to go down the wrong street and see new things or unexpectedly meet new people.
So, when I recently returned home to Burlington, Vermont, I   58   my cell phone and traded in an old, rusty bike for a regular landline telephone that was connected to the wall and everything. Now, I go outside and don"t make a phone call or check my phone.   59  , I"ve seen things in my neighbourhood I   60  noticed before, like a big flower garden around the block and artwork and sculptures down the road. Now that I"m not __61___ my cell phone, I"ve met new people on the street and at the supermarket, started   62   with neighbours I haven"t spoken with before and talk with my friends face-to-face instead of over the phone. .
Instead of   63   me from the world, getting rid of my cell phone has helped me become more in touch with my community. I am no longer a   64   of my cell phone.
50. A. information                B. communication         C. learning                   D. exchange
51. A. opposite                     B. same                        C. wrong                      D. right
52. A. misused                            B. limited                     C. troubled                  D. confused
53. A. affected                            B. separated                  C. connected                 D. satisfied
54. A. exhausted                  B. disappointed             C. lost                          D. attracted
55. A. inaccessible             B. unexpected               C. familiar                    D. similar
56. A. attention                   B. destination                C. direction                  D. action
57. A. eager                         B. likely                       C. willing                     D. interested
58. A. made use of               B. hung up                   C. got rid of                 D. got hold of
59. A. Therefore                   B. However                  C. Besides                    D. Instead
60. A. once                          B. often                        C. never                       D. ever
61. A. happy with          B. crazy about        C. glue to            D. aware of
62. A . interviews             B. arguments        C. visits                     D. conversations
63. A. isolating                    B. saving                      C. protecting                 D. removing
64. A. fan                                   B. master                      C. friend                      D. slave
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

B
To: manager@ tastytreat.com.ca
Date: Monday, 7 October, 3:34p.m.
From: raymondyuen@ canada.net
Subject: Complaint
Dear Mr. Price,
I have eaten in your restaurant many times and have always been happy with the food and service. This makes what happened last Saturday even more disappointing.
It was my son’s birthday so we booked a no-smoking table at your restaurant for 7:30 p.m. We arrived on time but were told that our table was not yet ready. At 8:00 p.m., we were given a table in the smoking section. I asked to move but I was told that there were no other tables. A lot of people were smoking so it was uncomfortable and unhealthy.
Our first waitress, Janet, was very polite and helpful. She gave us free drinks for waiting so long. Our food also came quickly and looked fresh and tasty. When my wife had eaten most of her meal, she found a dead cockroach (蟑螂) in her vegetables. She was shocked and wanted to leave. At first, the waitress told us it was a piece of garlic(蒜). When we told her that garlic does not have legs, she apologized and took the food away.
We asked for the bill, expecting not to pay for my wife’s meal. Nobody came. After 15 minutes, I asked to see the manager. The head waiter told us that you were on holiday. I complained again about the horrible cockroach. He told me Janet had finished work. He didn’t believe my story and gave me a bill for three meals. I argued with him but was forced to pay.
The waitress, Janet, was always friendly, but I would like an apology from your impolite head waiter and a full refund (退款) for our meal. It cost $68. Until then, I will not be eating at your restaurant or recommending it to anyone.
You can contact me at 742-3254 or through e-mail if you want more information.
Thank you for your attention.
Yours sincerely,
Raymond Yuen
69. We learn from the text that last Saturday Mr. Yuen _____.
  A. was satisfied with the restaurant.          B. was disappointed with the restaurant
  C. had to wait for his food                   D. ate for the first time at the restaurant
70. The writer had to pay the bill because _______.
A. the head waiter would not believe his story 
B. the manager was on holiday
C. Janet didn’t believe there was cockroach in the vegetables
D. his wife had eaten most of her meal
71. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. Mr.Yuen demanded that the head waiter apologize to him.
B. Mr.Yuen asked for a full refund for their meal.
C. Mr.Yuen will not eat at the restaurant any more.
D. The head waiter was not as polite as Janet. 
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