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A young man named Charles Lyell had different ideas. He wrote a book about them called Principles of Geology. The earth,according to Lyell,was not only thousands of years old,it was millions of years old. As to the common belief that changes in the earth’s surface happen suddenly because of a single earthquake or flood,he said that this might happen once in a while,but usually these changes took place very slowly. He believed that the surface of the earth had been changing from the beginning of time. The changes,he said,were caused by the long-term action of the winds and seas,and by forces such as volcanoes breaking out under the earth’s surface. Once in a great while he thought,a mountain might appear for the first time after an earthquake. But usually mountains would rise slowly and steadily.
Professor Henslow was interested in Lyell’s ideas,but he did not actually believe them. Charles Darwin could not make up his mind about them. But they set him thinking along lines which would later change the beliefs of thoughtful people all over the world.
At Cambridge,Charles Darwin studied just enough to pass the examination,and received his college degree in 1831.During this time,he had become more and more interested in geology. At the end of the school year,he went to North Wales with one of his teachers to examine the rock formations (构成) and to search for fossils. Fossils are the remains of ancient living things. They are usually found fixed in rocks in the earth’s crust (地壳). Fossils may be of animals,such as fish,insects,birds,or humans. They may be of plants from tiny leaves to huge trees.
When a living creature dies,it usually decays (腐烂)or is eaten by animals. However,if it sinks into a riverbed or is quickly covered by the blowing sands of a desert storm,the bones are kept up in the earth. Over many years the soft inner parts of a bone disappear,leaving the inside hollow. Water containing mineral enters into the hollow. Slowly the mineral hardens and makes the bone hard and heavy,like stone.
71.According to Charles Lyell,it is mainly        that the earth has been formed like today’s shape.
A. from the beginning of time                           B. past some experiences of big flood
C. over a very long period of years                    D. because of several big earthquakes
72.Charles Lyell believed the fact that a mountain is formed         .
A. more by seas than by volcanoes                     B. more slowly than suddenly
C. more by an earthquake than by winds      D. more steadily than quickly
73.Unlike Professor Henslow,Charles Darwin         .
A. never thought Lyell’s ideas were right
B. did made up his mind not to accept Lyell’s ideas
C. thought about what the world were then thinking about
D. thought over Lyell’s ideas and developed them
74.The main purpose of Darwin’s going to North Wales was to         .
A. make a study of fossils
B. appreciate the rock formation
C. to do research work into dead animals
D. look for plants from tiny leaves to huge trees
75.In which order are fossils formed?
a. A living thing sinks into a riverbed or sands.
b. Water goes into a bone hollow together with mineral.
c. Something soft in a bone disappears.
d. The hardened mineral makes the bone hard.
e. The bone becomes hollow inside.
A.a b c d e             B.c a b e d                    C.a c e b d                    D.e c d b a
答案

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:C
解析
         
核心考点
试题【A young man named Charles Lyell had different ideas. He wrote a book about them 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三

Have you ever heard the story of the four-minute mile? Many years ago, people believed that it was impossible for a human being to run a mile in less than four minutes until Roger Banister proved it wrong in1954.
What happens if you put an animal in a pond? Any animal, big or small, will swim its way through. What happens when someone, who does not know how to swim, falls in deep waters? They drown. If an animal who has not learned swimming could escape by swimming, why not you? Because you believe you will drown while the animal does not.
Have you ever wondered why the letters are organized in a particular order on hour keyboard? You might have thought it is to increase the typing speed. Most people never question it. But the fact is that this system was developed to reduce the typing speed at a time when typewriter parts would jam if the operator typed too fast.
These three cases show the power of our beliefs. There is no other more powerful directing force in human behavior than belief. Your beliefs have the power to create and to destroy. A belief delivers a direct command to your nervous system.
I used a snake in my workshops for children to show them how unrealistic some of their beliefs are. Students of a school in India, said snakes were slippery, slimy (黏糊糊的) and poisonous. After doing an exercise for changing beliefs, they handled my snake and found it to be dry and clean. They also remembered that only three types of poisonous snakes exist in India.
Did this story end the way you thought? Review your beliefs now and find out which ones you need to change.
51. In the author’s opinion, if a person in deep water doesn’t know how to swim he will drown because _________.
A. he is afraid of water               B. he doesn’t want to live in the world
C. he hasn’t learned to swim before     D. he believes he will drown
52. The author thinks that the letters are organized in a particular order on your keyboard in order to _________.
A. reduce one’s typing speed          B. satisfy the operator
C. save more space                 D. increase one’s typing speed
53. The author’s experiment shows that __________.
A. snakes in India aren’t poisonous       B. snakes can be caught easily
C. snakes are slimy and poisonous      D. snakes are dry and clean
54. According to the passage, we know that ________.
A. students from India have unrealistic beliefs on how to live a better life
B. an animal who has not learned to swim will drown if you put it in a pond.
C. Roger Banister was the first person who ran a mile in less than four minutes.
D. most people don’t like the order the letters are arranged on your keyboard
55. The main idea of this passage should be that _______.
A. beliefs make us seem stupid
B. beliefs are very powerful
C. changing your beliefs now if necessary
D. people should always believe in themselves
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第一节:完型填空(共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21 - 30各题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Small moments sometimes last a very long time. And a few words---though they mean ___21___ at the time to the people who say them --- can have great power.
I recently heard a story from Malcolm Dalkoff, who has been a professional ___22___ for the last twenty-four years, mostly in advertising.
As a boy, Dalkoff was terribly shy and ___23___. He had few friends and no self-confidence. Then one day, his high school English teacher, Ruth Brauch, asked the class to write their own chapter that would ___24___ the last chapter of the novel since they had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. Dalkoff wrote his chapter and turned it in. Today he cannot recall anything special about the chapter he wrote, or what ___25___ Mrs. Brauch gave him. ___26___, what he does remember is the four words in the paper: “This is good writing.” Thanks to the four words, his life has been ___27___ greatly.
“ Until I read those words, I had no idea of who I was or what I was or what I was going to be,” he said, “ After reading her ___28___, I went home and wrote a short story, ___29___ I had always dreamed of doing but never believed I could do.”
Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories, and always brought them to Mrs. Brauch for instruction. “She was ___30___, helpful and honest. She was just what I needed,” Dalkoff said.
21.     A. much                     B. little                      C. well                       D. ill
22.     A. report            B. designer                C. writer                    D. teacher
23.     A. weak                     B. independent            C. troublesome            D. helpless
24.     A. follow                   B. change                   C. connect                  D. explain
25.     A. help                       B. encouragement        C. grade                     D. words
26.     A. Therefore               B. However                C. Meanwhile             D. Besides
27.     A. improved               B. developed               C. changed                 D. enriched
28.     A. chapter                  B. novel                     C. note                       D. explanation
29.     A. everything              B. something              C. nothing                  D. anything
30.     A. encouraging           B. careful                   C. strict                      D. effective
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When asked what was the meaning of life, Dr. Papaderos brought out a very small round
mirror. And his  36  went like this:
“When I was a small child, during the war, we were very  37  and we lived in a remote
village. One day, on the road, I found the broken pieces of a  38 . A German motorcycle had
been broken in that place.
“I  39  to find all the pieces and put them  40 , but it was not possible, so I kept only the largest piece and made it  41 . I began to play with it as a toy and became  42  by the fact that I could reflect light into dark  43  where the sun would never shine—in deep holes and dark closets. It became a game for me to get light into the most  44  places I could find.
“I  45  the little mirror, and as I grew up, I would take it out in free moments and  46 
the challenge of the game. As I became a man, I grew to  47  that this was not just a child’s game but a metaphor (隐喻) for what I might do with my  48 . I came to understand that I am not the light or the  49  of light. But light — truth, understanding, knowledge — is
there,  50  it will shine in many dark places  51  I reflect it.
“I am a fragment (碎片) of a mirror whose whole design and shape I do not know. Nevertheless, with what I have I can  52  light into the dark places of this world — into the  53  places in the hearts of men—and  54  some things in some people. Perhaps others may
see and do likewise. This is what I am about. This is the  55  of my life.”
36. A. view        B. idea       C. theory   D. answer
37. A. rich      B. good   C. poor   D. special
38. A. mirror      B. metal     C. wheel           D. bicycle
39. A. managed     B. tried   C. wentD. remembered
40. A. off          B. together        C. up         D. back
41. A. smooth B. small  C. round  D. bright
42. A. fascinated       B. confused       C. puzzled         D. moved
43. A. hearts      B. closets   C. holes      D. places
44. A. inacceptable B. inaccessible       C. remote       D. distant
45. A. hid          B. played with          C. made     D. kept
46. A. continue         B. start       C. complete       D. stop
47. A. expect  B. admit  C. understand  D. recognize
48. A. life          B. work      C. action   D. words
49. A. resource          B. course   C. cause     D. source
50. A. but       B. besides       C. and     D. yet
51. A. as if     B. only if       C. even if       D. if only
52. A. represent         B. improve        C. explain          D. reflect
53. A. inside   B. black  C. secret  D. dirty
54. A. get          B. protect          C. find       D. change
55. A. meaning         B. importance   C. nature   D. explanation
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

If you have ever been discouraged because of failure,please read on. For often, achieving
what you set out to do is not the important thing.
Two brothers decided to dig a deep hole behind their house. As they were working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch.
"What are you doing?" asked one of the visitors.
"We plan to dig a hole all the way through the earth!" one of the brothers volunteered excitedly.
The older boys began to laugh, telling the younger ones that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible. After a long silence, one of the diggers picked up a jar full of spiders,  worms and insects. He removed the lid and showed the wonderful contents to the visitors. Then he said quietly and confidently,Even if we don’t dig all he way through the earth, look at what we found along he way!”
Their goal was far too great, but it did cause them to dig. And that is what a goal is for to cause us to move in he direction we have chosen; In other words, to set us to digging! But not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will end successfully. Not every love will last. Not every attempt will be completed. Not every dream will be realized.
But when you fall short of your aim, perhaps you can say,“Yes, but look at what I found along he way! Look at the wonderful things which have come into my life because I tired to do something!"
It is in the digging that life is lived. And I believe it is joy in he journey, in he end,that truly matters.
49. Readers may probably get____ from the passage.
A. discouragement   B. encouragement   C. comfort    D. delight
50. The underlined phrase “fall short of" possibly means ____.
A. fail to achieve     B. manage to achieve  C. fall because of   D. get rid of
51. What is he most important brothers in their digging?
A. To find wonderful things.  B. To have people looking on.
C. To achieve their goal      D. To keep on digging.
52. The brothers" attitude to life is____.
A. worried about future                    B. doubtful whether to achieve anything
C. hopeful about the future                 D. careful in doing everything
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

When a 13-year-old Virginal girl started sneezing, her parents thought it was merely a cold. But when the sneezes continued for hours, they called in a doctor. Nearly two months later the girl was still sneezing, thousands of times a day, and her case had attracted worldwide attention.
Hundreds of suggestions, ranging from “put a clothes pin on her nose” to “have her stand on her head” poured in. But nothing did any good. Finally, she was taken to Johns Hopkins Hospital where Dr. Leo Kanner, one of the world’s top authorities on sneezing, solved the baffling (难以理解的) problem with great speed.
He used neither drugs nor surgery for, curiously enough, the clue for the treatment was found in an ancient superstition(迷信) about the amazing bodily reaction we call the sneeze. It was all in her mind, he said, a view which Aristotle, some 3,000 years earlier, would have agreed with heartily.
Dr. Kanner simply gave a modern psychological interpretation to the ancient belief that too much sneezing was an indication that the spirit was troubled; and he began to treat the girl accordingly.
“Less than two days in a hospital room, a plan for better scholastic and vocational(职业的) adjustment, and reassurance about her unreasonable fear of tuberculosis(肺结核) quickly changed her from a sneezer to an ex-sneezer,” he reported.
Sneezing has always been a subject of wonder, awe and puzzlement. Dr Kanner has collected thousands of superstitions concerning it. The most universal one is the custom of begging for the blessing of God when a person sneezes— a practice Dr. Kanner traces back to the ancient belief that a sneeze was an indication that the sneezer was possessed of an evil spirit. Strangely, people over the world still continue the custom with the traditional, “God bless you” or something else.
When scientists look at the sneeze, they see a remarkable mechanism(身体机制) which, without any conscious help from you, takes on a job that has to be done. When you need to sneeze you sneeze, this being nature’s clever way of getting rid of an annoying object from the nose. The object may be just some dust in the nose which nature is trying to remove.
51. The girl sneezed continuously because she __________.
A. was ill                                B. was mentally ill
C. had heavy mental burden                 D. had attracted world-wide attention
52. When the girl began to sneeze continuously, ___________.
A. a lot of people offered their advice
B. she was taken to John Hopkins Hospital
C. she was given a treatment found in ancient superstition
D. many doctors treated her in different ways
53. Dr. Kanner cured the girl by ___________.
A. using Aristole’s method                   B. giving her psychological treatment
C. practicing superstition                    D. treating her tuberculosis
54. When a person sneezes, we say “God bless you” because____________.
A. it’s a tradition                           B. the person is possessed of an evil spirit
C. the person is ill                          D. God will bless those who sneeze
55. According to scientists, people sneeze because _____________.
A. they are ill                              B. to sneeze is human nature
C. they do not need any conscious help         D. there are unwanted things in their noses
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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