题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The stages in the sleep cycle are organized by the changes in different brain activities.
Stage 1: You are entering into light sleep. In this stage, your eyes move rapidly. We call this NREM. The body gets relaxed and your body temperature lowers. Your heart rate lowers, too. The body is preparing to enter into deep sleep.
Stage 2: Also characterized by NREM. In this stage, the body temperature and heart rate drop again. You are completely asleep.
Stage 3: Still in the NREM stage, this is a deeper sleep still.
Stage 4: In this stage of sleep, your eyes move back or forward. We call it REM sleep. This stage happens at about 90-100 minutes after the beginning of sleep. Your blood pressure rises, heart rate speeds up. The majority of your dreams happen in this stage.
These stages repeat themselves throughout a night’s sleep.
小题1: Dreams can happen in ___________.
A. Stage 1 and 2 B. Stage 3 and 4 C. every stage
小题2:Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?
A. These stages will happen once or twice one night.
B. Most people only remember the dreams that happen when they are about to wake up.
C. If one can’t remember his dreams, he never dreams at all.
小题3:What will happen in Stage 2?
A. Eyes move rapidly. B. People enter into light sleep. C. Heart rate drops.
小题4:The first REM sleep happens about ___________ after the starting of sleep.
A. 1 to 2 hours B. 2 to 3 hours C. 10 minutes
小题5:The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. the stages of sleep B. types of dreams C. remembering dreams
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:A
解析
小题1:本文第一句提到梦可能会发生在睡眠4个阶段当中的任何一个阶段，故本题选C。
小题2:本文第四行提到绝大多数人都能记住快要醒时所做的梦，故B项是正确的，故本题选B。
小题3:睡眠的第一阶段人进入浅睡眠状态，眼睛跳动的快，睡眠的第二阶段人完全睡着了，体温和心率下降，故本题选C。
小题4:从图表上可以看到人睡眠的第一阶段大概发生在人睡觉后的1到2小时，故本题选A。
小题5:本文主要谈论了人睡觉时的四个阶段，故本题选A。
核心考点
试题【Dreams can happen in any of the four stages of sleep. The most memorable and cle】；主要考察你对人生百味类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future —for example, getting into college or getting a good job —that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.
Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as swimming. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
小题1: The best title（标题）of the passage is ________.
| A．Money Makes You Happy | B．The Secrets of Happiness |
| C．Ideas for Helping Other People to Be Happy | D．Good Friends Make You Happy |
| A．the more friends you have, the happier you will be |
| B．we shouldn’t think about our future |
| C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. |
| D．some people fail to live a happy life |
| A．one | B．two | C．three | D．four |
| A．everyone knows how to live a happier life |
| B．it’s wrong to spend time on work |
| C．hobbies take up too much time |
| D．doing good things for someone can make you happier |
| A．Reading a good book. | B．Traveling to a foreign country. |
| C．Playing a sport. | D．Spending time with close friends. |
Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.
Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses（脉搏）went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.
One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.
小题1:During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.
| A．stop | B．increase | C．decrease | D．stay the same |
| A．easier | B．empty | C．vivid | D．quickly |
| A．1 | B．2 | C．3 | D．4 |
| A．REM sleep helps the brain grow. |
| B．REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists. |
| C．REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage. |
| D．REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work. |
| A．has a restful effect on people |
| B．can be avoided with lots of sleep |
| C．is something that all people experience |
| D．is something that all scientists agree on |
Have you ever heard the saying “If you want a friend, be one”?
Here is a story about one new teacher making friends with the girls and boys in her class on the first day of school. As the bell rang, the teacher came in smiling at each girl and boy. Then she said in a quiet voice, “Good morning, girls and boys! How happy I am because I have all of you in my class this year. I’d like to know each of you. I am sure we will enjoy working together. I am sure that the more we get together the happier we’ll be.” Her voice was so sweet and her looking was so friendly. Everyone believed what she said.
She told the girls and boys her name and wrote it on the blackboard. She told them some of the things she liked to do and she was hoping to do with them during the year.
Then she said to the whole class, “Now you know my name and the things I like. Next I want to know your names and the things you like. Then I will feel that I know you.”
Could you make friends by doing the same as this teacher did?
One way of getting to know girls and boys in our class is to know more about them. It is usual to be friends with those people who have the same interests with you. You can play the same games and go on journeys together.
You may find that some new comers in your class miss their old friends and feel strange and lonely. You can invite them to take a walk or to ride bikes with you. You will find many things in common to talk about. It is one good way to make friends just by talking together in a friendly manner.
小题1:How do you understand the saying “If you want a friend, be one”?
A. If you want to have a friend, try to make one be your friend.
B. You can make friends by doing what a friend do.
C. You may have a friend by doing everything for him.
小题2:The teacher’s sweet voice and her friendly looking_______.
A. showed that she would like to be a friend of the girls and boys
B. made every girl and boy happy
C. told the girls and boys everything about herself
小题3: A new comer will be your friend if _______.
A. he always thinks of his old friend
B. he knows you very well
C. you talk with him in a friendly way
小题4:If you want to make friends with others, you should_______.
A. know more about them
B. talk with them in an unfriendly way
C. have different interests with them
小题5:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. If you want to make friends with others, you should be one of them.
B. Friends often share the same interests with each other.
C. If you can make a good friend, you should smile at him.
we fly, swim, or fall down in our dreams, it has a 64 meaning. Lots of doctors help people 65 their dreams. They find that dreams tell us about our 66 and fears.
These days, many scientists 67 that dreams are very important. During the day, we have many 68, and our brain receives a lot of information. When we dream, our brain 69 information that is not important, and puts the most important information into our 70. As we learn more about the brain, we may find answers to our questions about dreams.
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I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping (饶舌音乐) or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you’re not going to be any of those things.
But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won’t love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem completely important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
That’s OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures. JK Rowling’s first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
These people succeeded because they understand that you can’t let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
No one’s born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to admit(承认) when you don’t know something, and to learn something new.
And even when you’re struggling, even when you’re discouraged (泄气), and you feel like other people have given up on you—don’t ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
小题1:Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the fourth paragraph?
| A．To compare these two famous persons. |
| B．To explain that writing and sports are difficult skills. |
| C．To show that the two persons were treated unfairly. |
| D．To prove that failure is the mother of success. |
| A．No one can be successful without working hard. |
| B．Failure can be good if you treat it in a right way. |
| C．Those who believe in themselves shouldn’t ask others for help. |
| D．One should try his best to make his dream come true. |
| A．One should change his mind when others give honest advice to him. |
| B．One should believe in himself no matter what difficulty he is faced with. |
| C．One doesn’t have to work hard when he has failed several times. |
| D．One doesn’t have to take others’ advice when they get away from him. |
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