题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Our nearest neighbor is the moon. In the sky, the moon and the sun seem to be of the same size because the moon is much nearer.
The moon makes the tides—the changes in the level of the sea. The moon and the sun together pull the sea. In some parts of the world, the difference between * high tide’ (when the sea is very near to the land) and ’ low tide’ (when the sea is far away from the land) is very big. This is very important for ships.
The moon is very different from the Earth. Gravity on the moon is six times weaker than that on the Earth. There isn’t any air. During the day, it is very, very hot but at night it is very, very cold. Nothing can live on the moon.
If the moon goes between the Earth and the sun, we have an eclipse of the sun(日食) . The moon stops the light from the sun and we have night in the day.
If the Earth goes between the moon and the sun, we have an eclipse of the moon. The moon goes into the shadow( 影子) of the Earth and it disappears for a few minutes.
小题1:When the moon goes between the Earth and the sun, we have night in the day, we call it the eclipse of
| A．the moon | B．the sun | C．the stars | D．the Earth |
| A．The Earth goes between the moon and the sun. |
| B．The moon goes into the shadow of the sun. |
| C．The moon goes into the shadow of its own. |
| D．The sun disappears for a few minutes. |
a. The moon and the sun are of the same size.
b. Gravity on the Earth is 6 times stronger than that on the moon.
c. The changes in the level of the sea are called tides.
d. The moon itself pulls the sea and makes the tides.
e. When the sea is near to the land, a high tide may happen.
f. It is much hotter in the day but much colder at night on the moon.
| A．a. b. c. f. | B．b. c. d. e | C．a. d. e. f | D．b. c. e. f |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:D
解析
小题1:细节题：从第四段的句子：If the moon goes between the Earth and the sun, we have an eclipse of the sun(日食) .可知这是日食。选B
小题1:细节题：从第五段的句子：If the Earth goes between the moon and the sun, we have an eclipse of the moon. 可知答案是A
小题1:从第三段的句子：Gravity on the moon is six times weaker than that on the Earth. 可知b正确，从第二段的句子：The moon makes the tides—the changes in the level of the sea.可知c正确，从第二段的句子：high tide’ (when the sea is very near to the land) 可知d正确，从第三段的句子：During the day, it is very, very hot but at night it is very,可知d正确，所以D正确，
核心考点
试题【Our nearest neighbor is the moon. In the sky, the moon and the sun seem to be o】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
小题1: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?
| A．Weather. | B．Actions of others. |
| C．Personality. | D．Age. |
| A．It is a kind of artificial chemical. |
| B．It makes us worried by affecting our brains. |
| C．It is needed by us all to keep fit. |
| D．It is in the sunlight. |
| A．We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather. |
| B．We will be happy when we are caught in the rain. |
| C．All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter. |
| D．The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be. |
| A．Why Do We Feel Sad? |
| B．The Weather Influences People’s Emotions |
| C．People Need More Vitamin D |
| D．We Can Hardly Change the Weather |
Researchers from Cornell University think that it is because spice plants have some important chemicals(化学物质)．These chemicals can kill bacteria(细菌)which spoil food．
“Most common spices can kill 75 to 100 percent of the bacteria in food，”explains one of the scientists．The bacteria grow more easily and spoil food more quickly at higher temperatures．For this reason，it is more difficult to keep food from spoiling in hot climates，
Do you like your food spicy? Your answer probably tells something about the country you come from．If you like spicy food，it is possible that hundreds of years ago，when there were no fridges，people in your country started using spices to keep the food from spoiling．The traditional spicy dishes helped those people to live longer，healthier lives．Today，in a time of fridges，the spices just make the food taste good．
小题1:The chemicals in spices keep food from spoiling by_________．
| A．making food taste better |
| B．making food hotter |
| C．killing bacteria in food |
| D．preventing bacteria getting into food |
| A．high temperature makes more bacteria |
| B．high temperature helps bacteria grow faster |
| C．bacteria get used to hot food |
| D．bacteria spoil food only at high temperature |
| A．replacing fridges |
| B．helping you to live longer |
| C．helping to keep you healthier |
| D．making your food taste better |
Earthquake Intensity & Observed Effects（强度与现象）
I. Felt by only a few people under very special conditions.
II. Felt by only a few people at rest, especially on the upper floors of buildings.
III. Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings.
IV. Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few; some awaked.
V. Felt by nearly everyone; many awaked; dishes and windows break; plaster (灰泥) cracks (开裂).
VI. Felt by everyone; many frightened and run outdoors; heavy furniture such as tables and shelves moves.
VII. Everyone runs outdoors; small to moderate (中等的) damage(损毁) in usual buildings.
VIII. Considerable (相当大的) damage in usual buildings; monuments(碑) fall.
IX. Considerable damage in all buildings; ground cracks; underground pipes (管道) break.
X. Most buildings damaged; rails bend(弯曲); landslides (山崩) take place; water splashes(溅落) over banks.
XI. Few buildings left standing; bridges damaged; wide cracks in the ground; underground pipes break.
XII. Damage total; waves seen on ground; objects thrown into air.
小题1:According to the picture, what is the possible position of the earthquake’s epicenter?
| A．36°N, 90°W. | B．36°N, 90°E. | C．90°N, 36°W. | D．90°N, 36°E. |
| A．Everyone runs outdoors. |
| B．Only a few people feel it. |
| C．Many people who stay indoors feel it. |
| D．Felt by people on the upper floors of buildings. |
| A．Cincinnati. | B．Louisville. | C．Pittsburgh. | D．Nashville. |
| A．Felt indoors by few people under very special conditions. |
| B．Few buildings left standing. |
| C．Felt noticeably indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings. |
| D．Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by a few, some awaked. |
| A．Nashville. | B．Louisville. | C．Syracuse. | D．Cincinnati. |
I had never run more than eight miles before, and here I was training. Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold. For most people, just putting on their shirts, sweaters, jackets, and hats is exercise enough. I found myself out on the dark streets, running along ice sidewalks (人行道). Even in gloves, my fingers got so cold that they looked like red carrots. My nose didn’t get warm until lunchtime !
Finally, the big day arrived. The weather was cold, with ice and rain. Bang! The gun sounded, and we started. I didn’t go anywhere at first because I was standing behind so many people. I had to wait for them to move.
At first, the running was easy. The other runners just seemed to pull me along. Somewhere around the 20-mile mark I even said to myself, "This is nothing, why did I train so hard?"
Then I hit "the wall". "The wall" is what marathon runners call the special point. I knew my body reached the point and I thought I couldn’t go any more. I was out of breath and my legs turned into pieces of wood. I was almost falling down. I can’t remember anything about the last five miles of the race.
I kept running though. At last, I heard a voice at the finishing line.
"You look good," my friend Ted said. "How did it feel?"
"Wonderful !" I replied.
For everything, if you devote yourself into it, there will be a way. I finished the race, at least, in my heart, I was the winner.
小题1:Which one best describes the weather on the race day?
| A．Cold and rainy. | B．Cold and sunny. | C．Dry and cloudy. | D．Wet and foggy. |
| A．Difficult. | B．Boring. | C．Easy. | D．Interesting. |
| A．One must eat certain food and get plenty of sleep. |
| B．One must be willing to eat, sleep, and train twenty-four hours a day. |
| C．One must run along ice sidewalks every day. |
| D．One must be willing to train a lot and doesn’t give up easily. |
| A．撞击墙壁 | B．到达极限 | C．抵达终点 | D．中途加速 |
Cars will run on solar power (太阳能) and will be much cleaner. They will be much safer. For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down or stop by itself.
New cities will have to be built in the sea. Some cities on water will have two levels (层). People will live on the upper level; the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories.
Biotechnology (生物技术) will make food better and healthier. Plants without insects or illnesses (病虫害) will be developed. The taste of fruit and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer.
Many new ways to cure (治愈) illnesses will be found. People will use products of genetic engineering (基因产品) to cure more illnesses. However, some new illnesses will appear.
小题1:What will happen in the future according to the passage?
| A．The air won’t be much cleaner. |
| B．Cars will run by itself without a driver. |
| C．It’ll be much more dangerous to drive a car. |
| D．There’ll be fewer accidents and less pollution (污染). |
| A．In the sea. | B．In the sky. |
| C．Underground. | D．On the land. |
| A．Medicine. | B．Toys. |
| C．Food. | D．Clothes. |
| A．cold | B．illnesses |
| C．cancer | D．headache |
| A．Cars in the future. |
| B．Get ready for the future. |
| C．How to keep food longer? |
| D．Where will people live in the future? |
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