冠词
冠词的用法讲解
冠词用法讲解
冠词作为一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
1.不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。如：a book, an apple。
1) 不定冠词用在但数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如：
There is a policeman at the door.
门口有个警察。
2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前，表示“任何，每个”。如：
A car must be insured.
汽车一定要上保险。
A soldier must obey orders.
军人必须服从命令。
3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。如：
There is a box in the room. The box is heavy.
房间里有个箱子。这个箱子很重。
4) 不定冠词和名词连用作表语或同位语，主要说明某个人或东西所属类别。如：
She is a teacher. 她是个老师。
We all thought him a suitable person for the job.
我们都认为他是适合做这个项目的人。
5) 定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等短语中。如：
six kilometers an hour 每小时60公里
3 times a day 每天三次
6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前。如：
He wants to buy a Kodak.他想买架柯达相机。
7)不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如：
have a try试一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快
make a living 谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上 in a word 总而言之
2. 定冠词的用法
1) 定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如：
Mother carved the meat into slices.
妈妈把肉切成了片。
2) 定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。如：
The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。
3) 定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如：
I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.
我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。
4) 定冠词用于有词组或者定语从句修饰的名词前。如：
He is investigating the cause of the fire.他正在调查这场大火的原因。
5) 定冠词用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。如：
the chinese 中国人 the rich 富人
the dead 死者 the deaf 聋人
6) 定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如：
Please close the door.请把门关上。
7) 定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
the sun 太阳 the earth 地球 the world世界
8) 定冠词用于序数词前表示顺序。如：
the third group 第三组
9) 定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如：
This is the most intersting book I have ever read. 这是我所读过的书中最有趣的一本。
10)定冠词在play后和乐器连用
play the piano弹钢琴 play the flute吹长笛
11)定冠词与姓氏的复数形式连用，表示一家人。如：
The Blacks came to China in 1994.
布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。
12)定冠词的其他用法
the Changjiang River长江 the Red Sea 红海 (用于表示江河海洋的名词前)
the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡 the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾 (用于表示海峡海湾的名词前)
the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 (用于山脉沙漠的名词前)
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国(用于国家名称)
the National Gallery国家美术馆 the Military Museum 军事博物馆(用于公共建筑名前)
the State Council国务院 the Senate参议院 the House of Representatives 众议院 (用于机关、团体名词前)
the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议 the Washington Post 华盛顿邮报 (用于报刊、条约之前)
3.不用冠词的情况
1) 表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。如：
Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英国女王伊丽莎白二世
He was elected chairmen of the committee.他当选为协会主席。
2) 表示球类、棋类的运动项目不加冠词。如：
play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋
3) 在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。如：
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
4) 交通工具名词前不用冠词
by car坐汽车 by ship 坐船
by plane坐飞机 on foot 步行
5) 在一些地点的名词，如：bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事时，不加冠词。
go home回家 go to school去上学 go to church去教堂祈祷
in hospital住院 go to work上班
注：如果在上述词组前面加上定冠词the,可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。如：
He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他来学校和校长谈话。
He went to the church to see the carvings.他去教堂看雕刻。
His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.
他妈妈生病住院了，他就一直在医院里面照顾她。
4.泛指概念的四种表达方式
1) 不带the 的不可数名词可以表示泛指
I like music.我喜欢音乐。
2) 不带the 的复数可数名词表示泛指。
Bananas are yellow.香蕉是黄色的。
3) “the+单数可数名词”可以表示泛指
The elephant is the largest land mammal.大象是陆地上最大的哺乳动物。
4) “不定冠词a/an+单数可数名词” 可以表示泛指。
A dog makes good pet.狗是很好的宠物。
He is in ______ charge of the company. That is to say, the company is in ______ charge of him.
A. the; /
B. /; the
C. the; the
D. /; /John said he would pay _____ second visit to China _____ next year.
A. the; /
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. a; /As ___ matter of fact, he has been out of ___ work for three months.
A. the; /
B. a; /
C. the; the
D. a; the单句改错。 1. People love to get together to eat and have a fun with each other. __________
2. He was not going to hold his breathe for her to apologize. __________
3. He could not have Yong Hui getting away to telling people lies. __________
4. It would be better if you were a bit thin. __________
5. They see a penniless young man wandered on the pavement. __________
6. I saw a man dressed in rag the other day. __________
7. They gave performances in pubs, for that they were paid in cash. __________
8. Imagine our excitement when we heard it on the radio the first time. __________
9. The carpet raised and at once they were in a thick rainforest. __________
10. The coffee is excellent quality and has been sold very well. __________My father is usually on ______ duty in his office every ______ few days.
A. the; a
B. /; /
C. /; a
D. a; /As _____ matter of fact, the beauty of _____ nature there left an excellent impression on me.
A. a; the
B. ﹨; ﹨
C. a; ﹨
D. the; aMary, we left you in _____ charge of the room, but now it"s in _____ mess!
A. the, a
B. /, a
C. the, /
D. /, the— What _____ great fun it would be if we could light candles to celebrate his birthday!
— Forget it! The teacher in _____ charge of our dorm won"t be happy to see that.
A. /; /
B. /; the
C. a; the
D. a; /In _____ nature, many animals and plants are now in danger of dying out.
A. 不填
B. the
C. a
D. oneIt"s no pleasure _____ through these any longer because _____ nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
A. to looked; the
B. looking; the
C. to look ; /
D. looking; /His son was put in _____ prison. He went to _____ prison to see him once a month.
A. /; /
B. the; the
C. /; the
D. the; /By hiking, people can _____ nature and experience a kind of life.
A. close to
B. close to the
C. get close to
D. get close to theThe boy made ____ fun of me, so I became angry ____ him. A. a; with
B. /; with
C. a ; about
D. the; aboutHua Jianhui was appointed _____ vice-governor of Anhui province in _____ place of the former, Wen Haiying.
A. /; /
B. the; /
C. /; the
D. a; theMr. White graduated from _____ Cambridge University with a degree in _____ physics.
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. /; /All the students in our class made _____ progress by studying harder this term.
A. a
B. great
C. a great
D. 不填改错。
文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。A boy who was cleaning the shoes in the street said to a young man passed by, "Let me clean your boots.
It just spends you only a penny." But the man refused. Then the boy told him that he will clean his boots for
nothing. The man agreed, and soon one of the boot shone brightly. Then he put the other boot on the box,
and the boy refused to clean it if he was paid two pence for his work. The young man refused pay anything
and went away. But the well-cleaning boot made the dirty one so bad that he could not walk on. He returned
back and gave the boy two pence.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________By learning _____ psychology, you"ll know better on how to behave yourself in _____ society and get along fine with others.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. /; /
D. the; /Who do you think will take _____ office next month and become _____ president of the country?
A. the; a
B. a; 不填
C. the; the
D. 不填; 不填It was _____ exciting news that more than ten students in a single school were admitted to Tsinghua University
in the same year.A. one
B. an
C.／
D. aCui Jianping who gave his life to save a girl in America ten years ago was _____ honour to our school.A memorial is held here every year in _____ honour of him. A. an; the
B. an; /
C. the; the
D. /; /指出错误并改正。 1. It makes a good sense to take exercise and keep fit.
___________________________________________
2. He told us never eat too much fatty food.
___________________________________________
3. Mother told me to let Henry to clean the sitting room.
___________________________________________
4. He said the children to keep away from the fire.
___________________________________________
5. The headmaster suggested that the students would go skating.
___________________________________________He is studying _____ while my brother is studying _____ at school.
A. the law; the computer
B. a law; a computer
C. laws; computers
D. law; computerThough he failed many times in election, he never lost _____ heart and at last he was elected _____ president of the USA.
A. /; a
B. a; the
C. his; the
D. /; /短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中
共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：(1) 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2) 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。A boy who was cleaning the shoes in the street said to a young man passed by, "Let me clean
your boots. It just spends you only a penny." But the man refused. Then the boy told him that he
will clean his boots for nothing. The man agreed, and soon one of the boot shone brightly. Then
he put the other boot on the box, and the boy refused to clean it if he was paid two pence for his
work. The young man refused pay something and went away. But the well-cleaning boot made
the dirty one so badly that he could not walk on. He turned back and gave the boy two pence.
_______________________________________________________________________________短文改错。 A boy who was cleaning the shoes in the street said to a young man passed by, "Let me clean your boots.
It just spends you only a penny." But the man refused. Then the boy told him that he will clean his boots for
nothing. The man agreed, and soon one of boot shone brightly. Then he put the other boot on the box, and
the boy refused to clean it if he was paid two pence for his work. The young man refused pay for anything and
went away. But the well-cleaning boot made the dirty one so bad that he could not walk on. He returned back
and gave the boy two pence.
________________________________________________________________________________________短文改错。 Dear Susan,
I"m very glad to hearing you are coming to visit
me the next Friday. Unfortunately, I won"t be able to
meet you at the airport although I have classes in the
afternoon. You won"t find difficult to get to the city
center. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and
will take you rightly to the Friendship Hotel. My class
will be over by then or I will pick you up there. I will
take you together to a hot-pot restaurant for dinner
and we"ll talk with our plan for the weekend over
dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday.
Yours,
Zhang Ming1______
2______
3______
4______
5______
6______
7______
8______
9______
10______— Did he come out _____ first this time?
— Yes. He"s always the best in the examinations.
A. the
B. /
C. an
D. aHere came _____ word that Obama was elected _____ president.
A. a; the
B. 不填; the
C. the; 不填
D. 不填; 不填短文改错。
请按下列情况改错。
该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（／）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出并划掉。
该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词：在错词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出该改的词。
该行若无错误：在该行右边横线上画一个勾。As a child, I once went to London two weeks before the Christmas
with my mother. I shall never forget that day. The streets crowded
with people. The shop windows were very brightly. My mother held
my hand and we all went into a toyshop. The shop was full of
children as well as nice and beautiful toy. Suddenly I saw Father
Christmas himself! I take my mother by the hand. "Please take me to
Father Christmas," I said. There are lots of children near Father
Christmas. They were standing by line. Father Christmas spoke
to him one by one. At last it was my turn. "Hello, little Tom." he
said to me. Heard this, I came to know that it was my uncle, John
Smith who dressed up as Father Christmas!1______
2______
3______
4______
5______
6______
7______
8______
9______
10______On Feb. 6, Xi"an－Zhengzhou High Speed Railway,____ first high-speed railway in ____ West China, was put into operation.
A. 不填; the
B. the; the
C. the;不填
D. 不填；不填短文改错。
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误：对标有题号的每一行作出判断；
如有错误(每行只有-个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线削掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一个描线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。Dear Susan,
I"m very glad to hearing you are coming to visit
me the next Friday. Unfortunately, I won"t be able to
meet you at the airport although I have classes in the
afternoon. You won"t find difficult to get to the city
center. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and
will take you rightly to the Friendship Hotel. My class
will be over by then or I will pick you up there. I will
take you together to a hot-pot restaurant for dinner
and we"ll talk with our plan for the weekend over
dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday.
Yours
Zhang Ming
1. _____
2. _____
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____
6. _____
7. _____
8. _____
9. _____
10. _____One of the teachers says that their aim is to help _____ students understand they can play a valuable role within _____ society.
A. disable; the
B. disabled; /
C. disabling; the
D. disability; /I smoke out of ____ habit, not for ____ pleasure, and I have had this habit for twenty years.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. /; /I will make a speech on ______ behalf of my school about global warming.
A. the
B. a
C. an
D. /Only a few stand-up comedians have become well-known _____ television and film actors later on in life. One such _____ person is Billy Crystal.
A. as ; /
B. to ; an
C. for ; the
D. / ; a_____, the young girl laughs in the way _____ her mother did at that age.
A. To my disappointment; that
B. To my joy; in which
C. To my surprise; /
D. To my excitement; whichWashing machines made by China have won _____ worldwide attention and Haier has become _____ popular name.
A. a; the
B. /; a
C. /; the
D. the; aThe CEO needs an assistant with _____ little knowledge of German and ____ experience in administrative
management.[ ]
A. the, an
B. the, /
C. a, an
D. a, /It is reported that a bus went out of ______ control on a highway _____ south of the city last night. [ ]
A. 不填; 不填
B. 不填; the
C. the; 不填
D. the; theSome researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to ____ mental health. Daydreaming,
they say, is ____ good means of relaxation.[ ]
A. the; 不填
B. 不填; the
C. 不填; 不填
D. 不填; aWhat _____ great fun it is to play______ basketball after school.
A. a; /
B. a; the
C. /; /
D. /; theHe is ______ at repairing motorcycles. [ ] A. quite a expert
B. a quite expert
C. quite expert
D. a very expertThe report said a bus went out of _____ control on a highway _____ south of the city and rushed into a river.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. /; /Has someone suggested there _____ be an international language all could understand and use _____ ? [ ]
A. can;it
B. may;／
C. /; /,
D. would; itMr. Brown, ______ chairman of the trade union, will visit our factory in ______ May. [ ]
A. /; a
B. a; /
C. /; /
D. the; /短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文
中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Jack had gone to a university to study the history, but at the end of his first year, his history professors
failed him in his examinations, and he was told why he would have to leave the university. But, his father
decided to see the professor to urge him to let Jack continue his studies the followed year."He"s a good boy,
if you let him pass this time, I"m sure he"ll improve a lot next year and pass the examinations by the end of it."
said Jack"s father."No, no, that"s quite impossible," replied the professor immediate."Last month I asked him
when Napoleon had died. He didn"t know!" "Please, sir, give him other chance," said Jack"s father."You see,
we didn"t have any newspapers in our house, so none of us even know that Napoleon was ill."
_________________________________________________________________________________________短文改错。